Bibliography

Combined

Posted on by mh

Combined List of Ghazali’s works

Jurisprudence and Legal Theory (al-fiqh wa iṣūlihi)

  • (التعليقة) al-Taʿlīqa (a commentary on al-Juwani’s Uṣūl al-fiqh work) This work would be superseded by the two works listed below a case of discipulus potior magistro. [M:1; A:1]

 

  • (المنخول من تعليقة الإصول) al-Mankhul min taʿlīqat al-iṣūl, (the sifted from the Commentary on the fundamentals)  One of his early attempts on legal theory of Muslim Jurisprudence. Followed his teacher (al-Juwayni) who was reportedly impressed with this work. [M:2; A:2; GAL. no 52; K:11936]
    • Arabic: al-Mankhul min taliqat al-isul. edited by M. H. Hito. ND/NP [Damascus?, 1970?(intro. p.48)] 48pp+541pp. [ḥaqqaqahu wa-kharraja nassahu wa-ʿallaqa ʿalayhi Muhammad Hasan Hitu. Yunsharu li-awwal marrah ´an thalath nusakh makhtutah.] (Complete Arabic PDF) courtesy of KG. Also available zipped word file of text only.

 

  • (البسيط) al-Basīṭ (The Spread) A Jurisprudential work in Shafi’i rite. Condensed from al-Juwayni’s book Nihayt al-muṭlab, which is a commentary on al-Muzini’s condensation of al-Shafi’i’s kitab al-Um. A bit confusing! As far as I know this work has not been published. Sections of this work has been edited as part of a graduate thesis at the Islamic University in Madinah, KSA. [M:3, A:3, GAL no 48].

 

  • (الوسيط في المذهب) Al-wasīṭ fī al-mathab (The medium [digest] in the [Jurisprudential] school). This book is considered one of the five major works in Shafi’i school jurisprudence. [M:4; A:4; GAL I, 424]
    • Arabic: Al-wasit fi al-mathab: dirasah wa-taḥqīq wa-taʿlīq ʿAlī Muḥyī al-dīn ʿAlī al-Qarah Daghi; tunsharu li-awwal marrah ʿalā ʿashr nusakh fī ghayat al-qidam wa-al-ahammiyah. ([Cairo] : Dar al-Iʿtiṣām, 1984. 2 v. (879 p.) ; 24 cm.). Editor states that he used “10 old and important Mss” in preparing this edition. One of our source states that this book is not the complete work. Now as many days have passed its been complete and has been published in 9 volumes by Dar al-Bashaʾir al-Islāmiyya Beirut, 2015. 
    • Arabic: Al-wasit fi al-mathab: edited by Abi `Amr al-Husayni ibn `Umar ibn `Abd al-Rahim (Beriut: Dar al-Kutub al-`Ilmiyah, 2001. 4 v. ; 25 cm). While this work contains the complete text it leaves much to be desired in a publication.
    • Arabic: Al-wasit fi al-mathab: editing by Ahmad Mahmud Ibrahim, published with al-Nawawi’s commentary (al-Tanqih fi sharh al-Wasit) and 3 other minor commentaries by dar al-salam Cairo, 1997. This edition is available online in 7 volumes. (Link to pdf text) (alternate link)
  • (الوجيز في فقه الإمام الشافعي) Al-wajiz fi fiqh al-imam al-shafi’i. (The condensed in Imam Shafi’i’s Jurisprudence) – A shorter work on Shafi’i fiqh [Islamic Jurisprudence], includes contrary opinions of Malik, Abu Hanifa and al-Muzni. [M:5?, 36; A:36; GAL I, 424; K:14191]
    • Arabic: Al-wajiz fi fiqh al-imam al-shafi’i. 2 vol. ed. Ali Ma’wad and ‘Adil Abdelmujud, Dar al-arqam: Beiruit, 1997. Volume 1, volume 2 (PDF) – (alternate link)
    • Commentary: This book was then expanded upon (sharh) by abul-Qasem al-Rafi’ai called al-aziz sharh al-wajiz (pdf) which in turn was summarized by al-Nawawi in a book called rawdat al-talibin (pdf) link to online text.
    • Summary: This book was summarized (mukhtasr)  by abul-Qasem al-Rafi’ai called al-muharar which in turn was summarized by al-Nawawi in a book called minhāj al-ṭālibīn wa ʿumdat al-muftīn. (pdf) This work alone has had at least 100 commentaries on it, c.f. pp. 18-43 for an annotated listing.
  • Arabic: (شفاء العليل في القياس والتأويل) Shifaʾ al-ʿalīl fī al-qiyās wa-l-taʿlīl (On legal theory in matters of deductive analogy ) This book exist in manuscript form the earliest one is Cairo, Dār al-kutub al-Miṣiriyya mss legal 154 that was written in 573h less than 100 years after his death. Another mss is at al-Azhar library, under iṣūl al-fiqh no. 107, another at the Chester Beaty collection in Dublin, Ireland, no. 3776 and a fourth at Calcutta’s library of The Asiatic Society, no. 561.This book was published in Baghdad, 1971, edited by Ḥamd al-Kubayysī (PhD thesis) a link is found here in two pdf files. [M:12; A:12]
  • Arabic: (تهذيب الأصول) Tahdhīb al-iṣūl (On Legal theory of Muslim Jurisprudence). This Enclopedic work is a lost work that has not been found in manuscript form. This book was mentioned in the introduction of al-Mustaṣfā min ʿilm al-iṣūl that will be mentioned below where al-Ghazālī stated that al-Mustaṣfā was distillation of this book, tahdhīb al-iṣūl. Legal theorist consider this book as a great loss of a knowledge storehouse. [M:72 ; A:59].

  • (المستصفى من علم الأصول) al-Mustaṣfā min ʿilm al-iṣūl. (On Legal theory of Muslim Jurisprudence).  A celebrated work of al-Ghazali on Uṣūl al-fiqh is considered one of four works that all isul work revolve around and they are: 1. The muʿtazalī ʿAbd al-Jabār (d. 415) al-Qaḍī’s al-ʿumad; 2. abū al-Ḥusayn (d. 473) al-Baṣrī’s al-muʿtamad(commentary on al-ʿumad); 3. al-Imām al-Ḥarmayyn abū al-Maʿālī (d. 478) Juywani’s al-Burhan and 4. this book. (See Hito’s introduction to al-mankhūl p.9 ;27). [M:59 ; A:63; GAL,S. I. 754, no 51; K:11936]

    • Arabic Editions:
    • Bulaq Edition in two volumes reprinted in Beirut: Volume 1, 2 (pdf)
      • Recent edited edition in 4 volumes, edited by H. Z. Hafiz, Jeddah, n.d.: (pdf)
      • al-Mustasfa min ‘ilm al-isul. (Arabic link), a ‘complete’ text edition (Arabic word) Seems to have the printed text’s page numbers. (zipped)
    • English: Vol. 1 was translated in: ABU HAMID AL-GHAZALI’S JURISTIC DOCTRINE IN ‘AL-MUSTASFA MIN ‘ILM AL-USUL’ WITH A TRANSLATION OF VOLUME ONE OF ‘AL-MUSTASFA MIN ‘ILM AL-USUL’. HAMMAD, AHMAD ZAKI, PHD. THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, 1987. (T-30177) (part-1-PDF) is a study of al-Ghazali’s contribution to Usul one of the first in the English language. (part 2: translation of volume 1-PDF). Professor Doctor Ahmad Zaki Hammad has published an edition in Arabic that is a very nice edition. In that book it mentions the English translation is also published. I have not been able to find this anywhere. If someone knows anything about this or a way to contact him please let me know. dakhilak! @ ghazali .org
    • Turkish: Islam Hukunda: Deiller va Yorum Metodolojisi, Turkcesi Yunus Apaydin, Rey Yayincihk, Kayseri, 1994. Volume 1, Volume 2 (PDF)
  • (اساس القياس) Asas al-Qiyas, (foundation of Analogical [reasoning]) [M:67; A:61]
    • Arabic: Asas al-Qiyas, edited by Fahd ibn Muhammad al-Sadhan (al-Riyad : Maktabat al-`Ubaykan, 1993). (pdf)
  • Fatawy al-Ghazali (Verdicts of al-Ghazali) edited by Mahmoud M. Abu Sway, Kula Lumpur (1996) (pdf) – A new edition that utilizes different manuscripts (3 from dar al-kutub al-zahirya) than Abu Sway’s edition has been published ed. Ali M. al-tasa, al-Yamama, Damascus, 2004.

 

Sufism and Ethics

 

    • (ميزان العمل) Mīzān al-ʿamal, (Criterion of Action).  [M:21; A:21] 
      • Arabic:  Edited by S. Dunya in Arabic (pdf)
      • Arabic: Mizan al-‘amal. (Arabic html) from al-waraq site.
      • Turkish: Amellerde Ilahi Terazi, trans. Abdullah Aydin, Istanbul: Aydin Yayinevi, 1971.
      • Urdu:
      • Persian: A translation by A. A. Kasmm’i, Tehran, 1995. of the edition ed. by S. Dunya above. (pdf)
      • Malay: Timbangan amal: menuju kebahagiaan akhirat tr.M. Ali Chasan Umar; A. Chumaidi Umar / Kuala Lumpur: Alharamain, 1984. 239 p.
      • English Translation of a two sample chapters from Dunya’s edition.
      • An article on its Hebrew translation (Arabic PDF)
      • Italian translation by Prof.  M. Capanini. LA BILANCIA DELL’AZION e altri scritti, UTET (Torino, 2005) pp. 97-274 with extensive introduction in 96 pp. ISBN: 8802060746.
      • German Translation: Das Kriterium des Handelns = Mizan al-`amal / Abu-Hamid Muhammad al-Ghazali ; aus dem Arabischen u¨bersetzt, mit einer Einleitung, mit Anmerkungen und Indices ; herausgegeben von `Abd-Elsamad `Abd-Elhamid Elschazli. Darmstadt : WBG, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2006.
      • French Translation: Crite`re de l’action = Mizan al-a`mal : traite´ d’e´thique psychologique et mystique / de Abou-Hamid Mouhammad b. Mouhammad b. Mouhammad al-Ghazzali ; version franc¸aise et e´tude analytique par Hikmat Hachem ; pre´face de Louis Massignon. Published/Created: Paris : G.P. Maisonneuve, 1945.

 

  • (إحياء علوم الدين) Ihya’ ‘ulum al-din (Revival of Islamic Knowledge) – [M:28; A:28; GAL, I, 422, S., I, 748]- Badawi’s Bibliographical entry (complete in word format). For detailed information on the printed editions.
  • (مختصر إحياء علوم الدين / لباب إحياء علوم الدين) Mukhtaṣr iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-dīn (Summary of the iḥyāʾ) It is most likely by Imam al-Ghazālī’s brother Aḥmad (abū al-futūḥ d. 1126) also called (lubab iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-dīn) [M:219, 220; A:93]

 

  • Arabic: Mukhtaṣr iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-dīn printed by mūʾasat al-kutub al-thaqāfiyya (Beirut, 1990) 286pp. (PDF) Note that the publisher claims that it is by Imam al-Ghazālī! 

 

  • (بداية الهداية) Bidāyat al-hidāya (Beginning of Guidance) [M:35; A:35]
    • Arabic Editions:
      • Bidāyat al-hidāya fi al-adab wa-al-akhlāq wa-al-taṣawwuf lil-Shaykh Zayn al-Din Ḥujjat al-Islam Abi Ḥamid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Ghazālī al-Ṭusī. Wa-yaliha al-Risalah al-waʿẓiya, al-Maktaba al-Tijariya al-Kubrá (Cairo, N.D. 19??).
      • Bidāyat al-hidaya edited by Muhammad Saud al-Ma’yni, (Baghdad, 1988) (PDF)
      • Bidāyat al-hidāya, edited by Abdelhamid Muhammad al-Darwish, Dar Sader, Beirut 1998 (PDF)
      • Bidāyat al-hidāya (PDF) ed. by Hajjar, 2001.
      • Bidāyat al-hidāya (PDF) ed. by Kasht, Cairo, 1985.
      • Bidāyat al-hidāya (PDF) published in India.
    • English: Partially translated by W. M. Watt, who claimed that the second half as unauthentic(?) and fully translated by Muhammad Abul Qasem, self published in Malaysia. (pdf)
    • Dual language edition (Arabic/English) by M. Al-Allaf. (St. Louis, 2004) (more info) This was updated and printed by Sidi Abdur-Rahman Ibn Yusuf Mangera through the impeccable works of White Thread Press, London, 2010. (link)
    • Chechen translation (word file)
    • German: Hell, Joseph, and Walter Otto. 1915. Die Religion des Islam 1 Von Mohammed bis Ghazâlî. Jena: Diederichs. (PDF)
  • (الأربعين في أصول الدين) al-Araʿbīn fī iṣūl al-dīn (the Forty fundamentals of religion) [M:38, 95; A:38; GAL, I, 421, no 1 & S., I, 746] Originally written as part of Jawahir al-Qur’an and permission was given for it to be a separate work.
    • M. S. Kurdi edition (Cairo, 1328 and 1344 => by al-istiqamah Press)
    • edited by ‘Abdullah A.H. ‘Arawni, dar al-qalam (Damascus, 2003) 303pp. An edition based on Kurdi’s published edition and Mss from al-zaytuna, Tunisia. (PDF) Nicely produced volume.
    • Partial translation was completed as an MA thesis in AUC.
  • (كميائي سعادات) Kimiyāʾa-ye saʿadaa (Alchemy of Happiness) [M:45; A:45] Al-Ghazali’s own Persian version of the Iḥyāʾ a shorter work. Considering al-Ghazali’s pedagogical tendencies one could assume that the Ihya’ is larger/deeper work on the subject, the Kimiya to be the medium work and the arbʿain to be the summary work.  
    • Persian original in two volumes (pdf v1 and v2)
    • Introduction by E. Daniels. (PDF) 
    • English: Alchemy of Happiness Widely circulated translation which could be the one from the Hundistani translation of the Arabic translation. A questionable pedigree but widely available on the open market as well as on the net.
    • Arabic Translation (not a complete translation it was originally written in Persian) Arabic pdf [M:223; A:45]
    • Italian translation of the above Arabic version in: by Prof.  M. Capanini. LA BILANCIA DELL’AZION e altri scritti, UTET (Torino, 2005) pp. 351-370. ISBN: 8802060746.
    • English: Kazi publications has published a full English translation of the Persian Original by Jay R. Crook as Alchemy of Happiness (Kimiyā al-saʿadat) Chicago: Kazi, 2008. 
    • English: A translation by Muhammad Asim Bilal and revised by Dr. Munir Ahmad Mughal, Kazi publications, Lahore: 2001. (pdf)
    • Urdu translation (pdf)

 

 

  • {إيها الولد المحب} Ayahā al-wald al-muḥib (O beloved Son)  [M:46; A:46; GAL, I, 423; K:6010] Originally written in Persian but was quickly translated into Arabic which became the widely circulated version that was readily available. Persian original was lost and is no longer available.
    • Arabic: Ayahā al-Wald al-Muḥib  (Arabic PDF)
    • Arabic: Qadiriyah Library Manuscript # F 1432 and S 1418 Ayuhā al-walad al-muḥib. Edited by Jamil Ibrahim Habib. (Arabic PDF)
    • O Disciple. English translation and introduction by George H. Scherer, (Beirut: Catholic Press, 1951) also PDF.
    • My Dear Beloved Son. (A translation from the Urdu translation) (word file).
    • German: Ghazzālī, and Joseph Hammer-Purgstall. 1838. O kind! Die berühmte ethische Abhandlung Ghasali’s. Arabisch und deutsch, als Neujahrsgeschenk. Wien: Gedruckt bey A. Strauss’s sel. Witwe.  (googlebooks) complete in pdf format.
    • Ghazali’ letter to a Disciple, a dual language edition translated by Toby Mayer. Islamic Texts Society, Cambridge, 2004.

 

  • {التبر المسبوك في نصحية الملوك} al-Tibr al-masbuk fi naṣihat al-muluk (The Forged Sword in Counseling Kings). [M:47; A:47; GAL, I, 423 no 30 & S., I, 750]
    • Manuscript: al-tabr al-masbuk fi nasihat al-muluk wa alwuzara wa al-wulat(MS:l72.2:G4ltbA), Quoting the site: “a manual of advice composed for rulers, ministers and governors on how they should govern their realms. The manuscript was probably produced in Egypt at the beginning of the fifteenth century. It is a fine example of a late Mamluk manuscript that can be seen in the quality of the colored paper, the beauty of the calligraphy and the contemporary brown morocco binding. The [Jafet] library of the American University of Beirut Archives and Special Collection. The entire manuscript is now online and in full color.” (link) Now if only other libraries are this generous with their collections!
    • al-Tibr al-masbuk fi nasihat al-muluk. Arabic (html text minor proof reading) This is the Arabic translation of the book which was originally written in Persian as Nasihat al-Muluk (only the first part of this book was written by al-Ghazali, however. cf. P. Crone Did al-Ghazali Write a Mirror for Princes? in: Jerusalem Studies of Arabic and Islam 10 (1987) pp. 167-191.) 
    • English Translation: Counsel for Kings. translated by F. R. C. Bagley, from the Persian text edited by Jalal Huma’i and the Bodleian Arabic text, edited by H. D. Isaacs, with introduction, notes, and biographical index (London : Oxford University Press, 1964) (PDF)
    • Насихат ал-мулук – Совет владыкам- A Russian Language translation by Alexey A. Khismatulin (pdf) Published by: Петербургское Востоковедение ; Note that: Abu Hamid Muhammad al-Ghazali al-Tusi. The Kimiya-yi sa’adat (“ЭЛИКСИР СЧАСТЬЯ”). Part 2: Rukn 2: Obychai (with Supplements A&B) / Tr. from the Persian, Introduction, commentaries and indices by Alexey A. Khismatulin. St.Petersburg: Peterburgskoe Vostokovedenie, 2007.ISBN 987-5-85803-359-2. The translation of the Nasihat al-muluk is in Supplement A, pp. 369-406. The Persian original was published by Jalal al-din Huma’yi in 1361/1982 (Tehran: Intisharat-i Babak), the 2nd ed. pp. 341-377.

 

  • {المنقذ من الضلال} al-Munqidh min al-ḍalāl (Rescuer from Misguidance). considered to be autobiography an apologia pro vita [M:56; A:56]
    • Arabic HTML. Also in word format edited from Farid Jabre’s Arabic and Ahmad Shamsaldin’s editions (see below) with notes by M. Hozien.
    • Edited with an introduction by J. Saliba and K. Ayyad 7th edition. (Arabic PDF) (near critical edition!)
    • Edited with an introduction by A. Shamsaldin. (Arabic PDF)
    • M. Bejou’s edition (Damascus: 1992) with notes, introduction (mini study of the influence of al-Ghazali’s methodical doubt on Descartes). (Arabic PDF)
    • A Modern updated translation. (E-text) (Translation notes not included) courtesy of CUA.
    • Watt’s Translation. (London: G. Allen and Unwin, 1967) Also Available in (PDF)
    • McCarthy, R. J. Freedom and fulfillment : an annotated translation of Al-Ghazalis al-Munqidh min al-dalal and other relevant works of al-Ghazali by Richard Joseph McCarthy. (Boston:Twayne Publishers, c1980). It was republished by Fons Vitate
    • I’traifat Ghazzali motarjim zainaldin Ki’ya’ Nazad. A Persian Translation. (pdf)
    • El-Munkizu Miin-Ad-Dalal. By Hilmi Gungor, a Turkish Translation. (pdf)
    • Khair al-maqal fi tarjamat al-munqidh min al-dalal. Translation and commentary by Muwalwi Syed Mumtaz Ali (Urdu, PDF)
    • Ghazâlî, Abû-Hâmid Muhammad ibn-Muhammad al-: Der Erretter aus dem Irrtum (Al-Munqidh min ad-dalâl). Aus d. Arab. übers., mit e. Einl., mit Anm. u. Indices hrsg. v. ‘Abû Elhamîd Elschazlî. Hamburg: Meiner 1988 (Philosophische Bibliothek; Bd. 389). (German pdf)
    • Erreur et Délivrance, Traducion Françasise avec introduction et notes par Farid Jabre. (Deuxième Édition) A dual language edition French Translation/Arabic. Commision Libanaise Pour La Traduction Des Chefs-D’œuvre, Beyrouth: 1969. (pdf)
    • El salvador del error, Introducción y notas del Emilio Tornero. A Spanish Translation. (pdf)
    • Malay: Selamat dari kesesatan tr. Asiah Ali; Kuala Lumpur: Angkatan Belia Islam Malaysia, 1983.
    • A TÉVELYGÉSBÔL KIVEZETÔ ÚT in Hungarian (Arabból magyarra fordította / Translated from Arabic into Hungarian by : NÉMETH, Pál)
    • De redder uit de dwaling, Uit het Arabisch vertaald en tocgelicht door Prof. Dr J. H. Kramers. A Dutch (Holland/Netherlands) Translation. (pdf).
    • Hebrew translation by Hava Lazarus-Yafah, Jerusalem 19??. (pdf)

 

  • {منهاج العابدين} Minhaj al-ʿābidīn (Curriculum of the worshipers). Attributed to al-Ghazali [A:72] As popular as this work it is not an authentic work of al-Ghazali. It is by someone else for the following reasons: According to Ibn ‘Arabi (d.1240) it is by abu Hasan ‘Ali al-Masqar al-sabti [whom he met in person]. Also in this book many books of the author are referenced which are not known works of al-Ghazali e.g. “al-qurba ila al-Allah” and “akhlaq al-abrar wa al-najat min al ‘ashrar.” Also he does not reference any of al-Ghazali’s known works. Many times the author mentions word forms that al-Ghazali never mentions in his works e.g. Our sheikh said or My sheikh al-Imam said and he quotes poetry and astute readers of al-Ghazali know that al-Ghazali never mentions this format or mode of writing and quotations even in his early writings completed in his youth. The author of this work has very good knowledge of al-Ghazali’s Iḥyāʾ [not to mention a good grasp of Arabic –which explains its popularity] and has summarized it well with many of his own additions.
    • Arabic edition Edited by Mahmoud Mustafa Halawi. (mu’sasat al-risala: Beirut: 1989) (PDF)
    • Older Arabic edition of 1337h. (PDF)
    • Urdu Translation. (PDF)
    • English Translation. (PDF)

Theology (ʿilm al-Kalām wa iṣūl al-dīn)

 

  • {المستظهري: فضائح الباطنية وفضائل المستظهرية} al-Mustazhiri or Faḍāʾḥ al-Baṭiniyya wa faḍāʾilal-mutazhiriyya (Infamies of the Esoterics [Ismaili Shia’] and the Renown of the Exoterics [play on word using the Abassid’s Caliph al-Mustazhir to mean the Sunni Muslims]) -Ghazali’s answer to Isma’ili Shi’is of his time. [M:22; A:22; GAL, S., I, 747, no 23a]
    • Arabic: Streitschrift Des Gazali gegen die Batinijja-Sekte by Ignaz Goldziher. This is a part-edition of “Fada’ih al-batiniyya” with German analysis based on the ms. at the British Library in London in Arabic with German Intro/Translation. (PDF)  in Arabic with German Intro/Translation.  Also see in German: “Die Streitschrift des Gazali gegen die Ibahiya”, Übersetzer : Otto Pretzl, 1933 München. 
    • Arabic: Fada’ih al-Batiniyya (Infamies of the Batinies) In Arabic Ed. A. Badawi (E-text) (PDF) (This is the complete edition based on two manuscripts while the Goldziher edition doesn’t have the full text.
    • Arabic: Fada’ih al-Batiniyya. Note also that the Badawi edition was not proofread. See introduction to the 2001 edition corrected and commented on by Muhammad ‘Ali al-Qtub, al-maktaba al-‘asriyya: Beirut, 2001 p.6). (Arabic PDF)
    • English: al-Mustazhiri: Trans. R. McCarthy. (PDF) Partial translation only. ( also in html) A study of this translation was completed as MA thesis and published as Al-Ghazali and Ismailis for more info.
    • Ismaili Rebuttal: Damigh al-batil wa-hatf al-munadil ta’lif `Ali ibn Muhammad ibn al-Walid (d.1215) ; taqdim wa-tahqiq Mustafa Ghalib. Bayrut: Mu’assasat ‘Izz al-Din, 1982. 2 vols. (an Isma’ili answer to the al-Ghazali’s Mustazhiri from the 13th Century) (PDF) sample. Note: A. Badawi was looking for this work while preparing his edition of Fada’ih but was unable to secure a copy of it, see his introduction.
  • {الاقتصاد في الاعتقاد} al-Iqtisad fil- Itiqad, (Median (lit. Economy) in Belief).  [M:24; A:25]
    • Critical Edition: al-ghazzali’s al-iktisad fi’l-itikad edited by H. Atay and I. Cubkcu. Nur Matbaasi, Ankara 1962. (Arabic PDF)
    • Popluar edition: Arabic. (al-Iqtisad fil- Itiqad) word. Also Dr. Insaf Ramdan’s edition(Arabic PDF) with explanatory notes. (Damascus: 2003)
    • Complete English translation: Al-Ghazali’s Moderation in Belief, Translated with an interpretive Essay and Notes by: Aladdin M. Yaqub.  (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2013).
    • Partial English translation: Al-Ghazali on Divine Predicates and their Properties: by A. Abu Zayd.  (Lahore: Sh. Muhammad Ashraf, 1970). (PDF)
    • A complete Spanish translation by Miguel Asín Palacios El justo medio en la creencia, compendio de teología dogmática de Algazel (Madrid: Instituto de Valencia de Don Juan, 1929)
    •  Davis, Dennis Morgan, Jr.  AL-GHAZALI ON DIVINE ESSENCE: A TRANSLATION FROM THE IQTISAD FI AL-I’TIQAD WITH NOTES AND COMMENTARY, University of Utah, 2005. available!
    • in Japanese: ガザーリー　中村 廣治朗訳 2000、「イスラーム神学綱要」 上智大学中世思想研究所 『中世思想原典集成11 イスラーム哲学』 平凡社、pp.405-594
  • {الرسالة القدسية} al-risala al-qudsia, (The Jerusalem Epistle) thus called as it was written in Jeruaslem. [M:25; A:26, 133] -note that al-Ghazali included this a section in book 2 of the Ihya’- (PDF) 
    • English/Arabic: The Jerusalem Epistle a dual language edition with English translation and commentary published as: Al-Ghazali’s Tract on Dogmatic Theology. Edited, Translated, Annotated and Introduced by A. L. Tibawi, Islamic Quarterly, IX (1965) pp. 65-122.
    • The Jerusalem Epistle. (link)
    • German translation: “Die Dogmatik Al-Gahzalis nach dem II. Buch seines Hauptwerkes” ( “Ihya”) H.Bauer, Halle,1912. (link)
  • {قواصم الباطنية } Qawaṣim al-baṭinyah awa jawab al-masāil al-ʾarbaʿa al-lati saʾalaha al-baṭiniya bi-hamadhan (Backbreakers of the Esoterics -aka- Answer to the Four Questions that the Esoterics Queried in Hamadan) [M:32] published in Theology Faculty Journal of Ankara University in 1954 (pdf) e. with an introduction by Prof. Ahmed Ateş; pp.23-54 Thanks to J. Qureshi of U. Chicago who kindly provided this!
  • {المقصد الاسنى في شرح اسماء الله الحسنى} al-maqṣad al-asna fi sharah asmāʾ Allāhu al-ḥusna,(The best means in explaining Allah’s Beautiful Names) [M:33; A:33; K:7475, 12790]
      • Arabic:  Ninety-Nine Names of God:  in Arabic with English Introduction. (Beirut: Dār al-Mashriq, 1982); edited by Fadlou Shehadh. (Arabic PDF) 
      • English: Stade, Robert Charles, Ninety-Nine Names of God in Islam: A translation of the major portion of al-Ghazali’s Al-Maqsad al-Asna, Daystar Press, Ibadan, 1970 (PDF). Thanks to Thilo!
      • English Translation by: D. Burrell and N. Daher (ITS description)
      • M. Bejou edition with notes, (Damascus, 1999); (Arabic PDF)
  • Note there is at least two other editions of this book edited by al-Jafan and Dār al-kutub al-ʿilmiya edited by A. Shamasuddin.  
  • {جواهر القرآن ودرره} Jawāhir al-Qurʾān wa durarah (Jewels of the Qur’an and its Pearls).  [M:37; A:37; GAL, I, 421, no 1 & S., I, 746]
    • Arabic Original, edited by: Dr. Muhammad R. R. al-Qabani, Dar iḥyaʾ al-‘ulum: Beirut, 1990) Based on the Cairo 1933 2nd ed. p.6. (Arabic PDF)
    • English translation by Muhammad Abul Quasem, Kuala Lumpur: 1977.
    • Italian Translation: LE PERLE DEL CORANO, INTRODUZIONE, TRADUZIONE E NOTE DI MASSIMO CAMPANINI, TESTO ARABO A FRONTE, BUR CLASSICI. (Milan, 2000) ISBN: 8817173282. paperback 207pp.
  • {فيصل التفرقة بين الإسلام والزندقة} Fayasl al-tafriqa bayn al-Islam wa-l-zandaqa (The Criterium of Distinction between Islam and Clandestine Unbelief)    [M:43; A:43; GAL, S., I, 747 no 13]
    • Arabic: Fayasl al-tafriqa bayn al-Islam wa-l-zandaqa edited by M. Bejou (Damascus: 1993) (Arabic PDF)   Also in word format. As well as Dar al-kutub al-`ilmiyah edited by A. Shamasuddin(?) (Arabic PDF).
    • English 1: Fayṣal al-Tafriqa bayn al-Islām wa l-Zandaqa in Richard J. McCarthy’s Freedom and Fulfillment (Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1980), pp. 145-174.
    • English 2: On the Boundaries of Theological Tolerance in Islam: Abu Hamid al-Ghazali’s Faysal al-Tafriqa, Sherman A. Jackson (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2002). Reviewed D. Stewart (JAOS vol. 124.1 2004).
    • German: Uber Rechtgläubigkeit und religiose Toleranz. Eine Ubersetzung der Schrift Das Kriterium der Unterscheidung zwischen Islam und Gottlosigkeit” (Faysal at-tafriqa bayna l-Islam wa-z-zandaqa), eingeleitet, ubersetzt und mit Erlauterungen versehen von Frank Griffel, Zurich: Spur Verlag 1998, 110 p. (introduction, German translation and commentary on al-Ghazali’s Faysal al-tafriqa).
  • {مشكاة الانوار} Mishkāt al-Anwār, (Niche of the Lights) Qur’anic Hermeneutics of the chapter of Light. [M:52; A:52, 257, 258; GAL S., I, 751]
    • Arabic: an edition of Cairo 1322 edited/published by Farj Allāh Zakī al-Kurdī and Aḥmad ʿAzzāt (PDF)
    • Arabic: Edited by Abu al-ʿalāʾ ʿAfīfī, Cairo: Dār al-Qawmiya lil-Ṭābʿa wā al-Nashr, 1964. (PDF ) see below perhaps an improvement on ʿAfīfī’s editon.
    • Arabic: edited by abdelaziz al-Sirawan, ʿālam al-kutub, 1986. Used many mss and print editions to prepare this one. (pdf)
    • Arabic: Word file from mishkat website (zipped).
    • info about a French Translation (link with summary)
    • Book review of David Buchman, Al-Ghazali, The Niche of Lights / Mishkat al-Anwar. A parallel English – Arabic text Brigham Young University Press, 1999; by Prof. Frank Griffel. (PDF)
    • English translation: Mishkat al-Anwar (Niche of the Lights)
    • Italian translation: by Massimo Campanini as Le luci della sapienza, Mondadori, Milano 2012. (ISBN: 9788804574255)
    • For more info and papers on this book see the following announcement on a panel discussion.
  • {إلجام العوام من علم الكلام} Iljām al-ʿawāmm ʿan ʿilm al-kalām (Warding off the Masses from Sciences of Theology)  [M:63; A:71; GAL. S: I, pp.746-747 no 11 & 12; K:1129]
  • {الحكمة في مخلوقات الله} Al-ḥikma fī makhluqāt illāh, (Wisdom in God’s Creation) [M:74; A:81; GAL no 43]
  • {قانون التإويل} Qānūn al-tāʾwīl, (Methodology of Interpretation) [M:162; A:162]
    • Arabic: Qanun al-ta’wil (Methodology of Interpretation) Edited by M. Bejou Arabic PDF) note that page 26 is not clear on the edges some of the words are hard to make out. (Damascus: 1993)(Arabic PDF). 
  • {الفصول في الأسئلة واجوبتها} al-fuṣūl fīl al-isʾaila wā ajwabatiha, (Chapters on Questions & their Answers) [On God’s breathing of the soul into humans and human creation]  pdf
  • {جواب المسائل الأربع التي سألها الباطنية بهمدان} Jawāb al-masāʾil al-ʾarbaʿa al-latī saʾilahā al-baṭinīa bi-hamathan, (Answer to the four queries that the Hamadaian esoterics asked) edited by Muhammad Abdo – 2011. From a sole existant manuscript. cover pic [M:32; A:32]

Philosophy and Logic (falsafa wa al-manṭiq)

This is a copy has not been updated in a while. It has all the active links to the PDF files.
It’s still a very useful page and until its fully superseded its offered here to help those who still need these files

  • {المنتخل في علم الجدل} al-Muntakhal fi al-jadal (the elect in Dialectics) [M:7; A:7; K:13089]
    • Arabic: al-Muntakhal fī al-jadal / min taṣnīf Abī Ḥāmid al-Ghazzālī al-Shāfiʻī ; qaddama la-hu wa-ḥaqqaqahu wa-kharraja naṣṣahu ʻAlī ibn ʻAbd al-ʻAzīz ibn ʻAlī al-ʻUmayrīnī.Bayrūt : Dār al-Warrāq, 2004.
  • {مقاصد الفلاسفة} Maqasid al-falasifah (Aims of the Philosophers) Full title: Maqasid al-falasifah : fi al-mantiq wa-al-hikmah al-ilahiyah wa-al-hikmah al-tabi‘iyah [M:17; A:16; GAL, I, 425, S., I, 755]
    • Best Available edition: (Misr: al-Matba‘ah al-Mahmudiyah al-Tijariyah bi-al-Azhar, [Cairo]1936.) Muhyi al-Din Sabri al-Kurdi Arabic Edition. (PDF).
    • M. Bejou has published (Damascus: 2000) the above edition in which he corrected printing errors (misplaced pages) with new typesetting, illustrations and explanatory notes. (Arabic PDF)
    • Aims of the Philosophers (Arabic E-text) with introduction and commentary by S. Dunya (PDF) Dar al-ma‘arif (Cairo, 1965). With an introduction and annotation, textual variation is embedded in the text within brackets.
    • An old Latin translation. (PDF) the Complete edition.
    • Partial English Translation from A Hebrew translation: THE LOGICAL PART OF AL-GHAZALI’S MAQASID AL-FALASIFA, IN AN ANONYMOUS HEBREW TRANSLATION WITH THE HEBREW COMMENTARY OF MOSES OF NARBONNE, EDITED AND TRANSLATED WITH NOTES AND AN INTRODUCTION AND TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH. CHERTOFF, GERSHON BARUCH, PHD. COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, 1952. 408 pp. (0004166) (PDF)
    • Spanish Translation: Maqasid al-falasifa; o, Intenciones de los filo´sofos [por] Algazel. Traduccio´n, pro´logo y notas por Manuel Alonso Alonso. Barcelona, J. Flors, 1963.
    • English language Translation: Forthcoming (by David Burrell and Tony Street) from BYU Press -Utah.

 

  • {تهافت الفلاسفة} Tahafut al-Falasifa (Incoherence of philosophers) His most famous philosophical work. [M:16; A:17; GAL, I, 425, S., I, 754]
    • Critical edition: (Tahafot al-falasifat / Algazel ; texte arabe etabli et accompagne d’un sommaire latin et d’index par Maurice Bouyges.) (PDF)
    • Text (with an introduction and notes by S. Dunya) (Arabic PDF)
    • Arabic E-text in word format -partially proofread.
    • M. Bejou’s Arabic edition. (Arabic PDF)! Could not resist this one I only have about 7 versions of the Tahafut in Arabic! This edition includes a lecture by Mahmoud ‘Abbas al-‘Aqad and a postscript by Dr. Hikmat Hashem, Dean of Philosophy department at Damascus University. (Damascus, 1994).
    • Book Review: General overview. (link)
    • Book Review: From Khasf az-Zunun By Hajji Khalifia (In Arabic)
    • English translation by S. A. Kamali (1963) (PDF) also in html (Thanks to a volunteer)
    • Second English Translation by a prof. of Islamic Theology: Marmura, Michael E. The incoherence of the philosophers: Tahafut al-falasifah: a parallel English-Arabic text (Provo: Brigham Young University Press, 1997). Note Prof. Marmura did his PhD thesis on this book!
    • Abu Ridah, Muhammad ‘Abd Al-Hadi. Al-Ghazali und Seine Widerlegung der griechischen Philosophie (Tahafut al-Falasifah), Madrid: 1952.
    • Turkish: Filozoflarin tutarsizligi  tr. Bekir Karliga, Istanbul: Özdem Kardesler Matbaasi, 1981. xxxi, 381 p.

 

  • {معيار العلم في فن المنطق} Mi‘yar al-‘Ilm fi fan al-mantiq (Criterion of Knowledge in the Art of Logic) his work on logic [M:18; A:18]
    • Miyar al-Ilm Early printed edition, edited by Muhyi al-din Sabri al-Kurdi, Cairo, 1927 2nd printing. (pdf)
    • Miyar al-Ilm edited by S. Dunya (Cairo: Dar al-ma‘arif, 1965) in (Arabic pdf). Dunya believes that this book is the introduction to the Tahafut al-falisifah, namely the philosophical trilogy: Logic (this book), Summary (the maqasid) and refutation (the tahafut).

 

  • {محك النظر في المنطق} Mihak al-Nazar fil al-mantiq (Touchstone of Reasoning in logic) [M:20; A:20]
    • Arabic: Kitab mahak al-nazar fi al-mantiq; lil-Imam Abi Hamid al-Ghazzali al-Shafi‘i; sahhaha Muhammad Badr al-Din Abi Firas al-Na’sani al-Halabi, wa-Mustafa´ al-Qabbani al-Dimashqi, al-Tab‘ah 1. Misr : al-Matba‘ah al-Adabiyah, [19–?];
    • Mihak al-Nazar  Arabic Word file from Waraq site.

 

  • {المضون به على غير اهله} al-Madnun bihi ‘ala ghir ahlihi (the hidden [knowledge] from the masses): [M:39; A:39; K:12214, 13243] According to Ibn al-Salah as cited by al-Subki: “the book al-madnun that is attributed to him [Ghazali] God forbid! this book should be his and I saw on the back of a copy in the hand of al-Qadi Kamal al-din Muhammad b. ‘Abdullah b. al-Qasem al-Shahrazuri that is fabricated and attributed to al-Ghazali and is created from Maqasid al-falasifa that he refuted in Tahafut al-falasifa…” See Badawi p. 545.   Abu Bakr Muhammad b. ‘Abdallah al-Malaqi (d. 750h) wrote a rebuttal. See Vol. 1, p.60 (Beirut: 2002). Ibn Rushd and Ibn Taymiyah do attribute the book to him. The extant Manuscripts however are varied. One of which is an extract from Maqasid al-falasifa which might explain why Ibn Taymiyah said it looks his writing.
  • Arabic: published in majmu’at Rasil al-imam al-Ghazali. Complete PDF with other works.
    • English Translation: On the Soul. Also available on another link (iffy)
    • Prof. N. Pourjavady had discovered a manuscript used at the Maragha Seminary during the 12th and 13th centuries. It contains a version of the text al-Madnun bihi ala ghayri ahlihi and attributed it to al-Ghazali. -This text is equivalent to an extract of al-Ghazali’s Aims of the philosophers Maqasid al-Falasifa
      • Read his report. (PDF)
      • See the Al-Maraghah manuscript, Maraghah was the pre-eminent school in North eastern Persia, Fakhr al-Din al-Razi and Mullah Sadra studied there! (Reproduced here with permission of Prof. N.  Pourjavady who published it in facsimile) (Complete PDF) please contact the publisher if you want a printed copy.

 

  • { القسطاس المستقيم} al-Qistas al-mustaqim (The Correct Balance) [M:42; A:42; GAL, S., I, 749, no 28]
    • English: al-Qistas al-mustaqim: The Correct Balance (Trans. R. McCarthy. (PDF)
    • English: The Just Balance (Another English translation: D .P. Brewster, Lahore: Sh. Muhammad Ashraf, 1978) PDF
    • Italian: A translation by by Prof.  M. Capanini. LA BILANCIA DELL’AZION e altri scritti, UTET (Torino, 2005) pp. 275-350. ISBN: 8802060746.
    • A study of this book was done by A. Neuwirth KleinKnecht. (Eine Ableitung Der Logik Aus Dem Koran) (German PDF)

 

  • {معارج القدس في مدارج معرفة النفس} Ma‘arij al-Qudus fi madarij ma‘rifat al-Nafs (Ascent to the Divine through the path of self-knowledge)  [M:76; A:76; GAL, I, 426 no 64a & 64g, S., I, 751].

Other Works

  • Muktabat imam ghazali, (Correspondences of Imam Ghazali) [M:325] might be the same as {فضائل الأنام من رسائل حجة الإسلام} Faza’ilul al-anam min rasa’ili hujjat al-Islam, a Persian collection of an unknown compiler, probably of the 12th cent. [M:346; A:346]
    • Persian: published under title: Makatib-i Farsi-i Ghazzali. (Persian PDF)
    • Arabic: Rasʾil al-Ghazali more info forthcoming…
    • English: Letters of al-Ghazali. (26) translated from the Persian by ʿAbdul Qyyum “Shafaq” Hazarvi, Kitab Bhavan: New Delhi, 1992. (English PDF)
    • German Translation: Dorothea Krawulsky. Briefe und Reden des Abu Hamid Muhammad al-Gazzali. Freiburg im Breisgau, K. Schwarz, 1971.
  • Collected works: {مجموعة رسائل الإمام الغزالي} Mujmaʿt Rasil al-Imam al-Ghazali – note that these are 20th century collections no more than a convenience to collect them between two covers  this book combines two previously published collections of the smaller works (treatises and epistles) as:
      • {الجواهر الغوالي من رسائل الإمام الغزالي} al-Jawahir al-ghawali min rasaʾil al-imam al-Ghazzali [Priceless Jewels from al-ghazali’s monographs]: tanbih hadhihi al-majmuʿat tashtamil ʿala ʿashara rasaʾil min anfas rasaʾil Abu Ḥamid Muḥammad al-Ghazzali, [Cairo] : Muḥyi al-Din Ṣabri al-Kurdi, 1934. [Note: This collection consists of 10 of the most precious monographs by abu Ḥamid Muḥammad al-Ghazali]
        • JGh1 = Kimiyaʾ al-saʿada – pp. 5-19.
        • JGh2 = al-Risalah al-luduniyah – pp. 20-40.
        • JGh3 = al-ʾAdab fi l-dīn – pp. 41-58.
        • JGh4 = Aʾyyuha l-walad – pp. 59-75.
        • JGh5 = Fayṣal al-tafriq bayn al-ISLAM wa-l-zandaqa – pp. 75-104.
        • JGh6 = al-Qawʿid al-ʿashara – pp. 105-110.
        • JGh7 = Mishkat al-anwar – pp. 110-146.
        • JGh8 = Risalat al-ṭayr – pp. 147-151.
        • JGh9 = al-Risala al-waʿẓiyah – pp. 151-155.
        • JGh10 = al-Qisṭas al-mustaqim – pp. 156-203.
        • Source: Daiber, H. Biblio. of Isl. Phil. (Brill: Leiden, 1999) vol. 1, p.346.
      • {القصور العوالي} al-Quṣur al-ʿawali  [The lofty palaces from al-Ghazali’s monographs] li-Abi Ḥamid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Ghazzali ; [haqqaqahu wa-kharraja aḥadith bihi] Muḥammad Muṣṭafa Abu al-ʿIla;. Miṣr : Maktabat al-Jindi, [1964], and in 4 volumes 1970-1973. [
          • Juzʾ 1. al-Qisṭas al-mustaqim (=JGh10). Minhaj al-ʿarafin. al-Risalah al-luduniyah (=JGh2). Fayṣal al-Tafriqah (=JGh5). Ayyahu al-walad (=JGh4).
          • Juzʾ 2. Mishkat al-anwar (=JGh7). Risalat al-ṭayar (=JGh8). al-Risalah al-waʿaẓiyah (=JGh9). il-Jam al-ʿawwam. al-Maḍnun bihi ʿala ghayr ahlih. al-Ajwibah al-Ghazzaliyah fi al-masaʾil al-ukhruwiyah.
          • Juzʾ 3. al-Ḥikmah fi makhluqat Allah. Miʿraj al-salikin.
          • Juzʾ 4. Rawḍat al-ṭalibin wa-ʿumdat al-salikin. Qawaʿid al-ʿaqaʾid fi al-tawḥid. Khulaṣat al-taṣanif fi al-taṣawwuf, tarjamaha min al-Farisiyah Amin al-Kurdi. (Source: Yale U. online catalog (Orbis)
          • al-marʿarif al-ʿaqliyyah. [Epistemology of Intellect] Ed. ʿAli Idris, Safaqus, 1988 and ʿAbd al-karim ʿUthman, Damascus, 1963. Contains the following chapters: al-nutq; al-kalam wa-l-mutakallim, al-aqwal; al-kitaba; al-ghard al-matlub.
            • Source: Daiber, H. Biblio. of Isl. Phil. (Brill: Leiden, 1999) vol. 1, p.346.
  • Thalathh rasaʾil fi l-maʿrifa lam tunshar min qablu. [Three previously unpublished monographs on Epistemology] Ed. Mahmud Hamdi Zaqzuq. Cairo. 1979.
        • Risala fi bayan maʿrifat Allah – pp. 15-22.
        • Risala fi l-maʿrifa – pp. 31-65.
        • Risala fi maʿrifat al-nafs – pp. 77-117.
          • Source: Daiber, H. Biblio. of Isl. Phil. (Brill: Leiden, 1999), vol. 1, p.352.
    • Mujmaʿt Rasaʾil al-Imam al-Ghazali – (pdf).
mh
ghazali.org