Logic

PL

Philosophy and Logic (falsafa wal mantiq)

 

 

Number:                  [M:7; A:7; K:13089]

Title:                        {المنتخل في علم الجدل} al-Muntakhal fi al-jadal (the elect in Dialectics)

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Publication:           al-Muntakhal fī al-jadal / min taṣnīf Abī Ḥāmid al-Ghazzālī al-Shāfiʻī ; qaddama la-hu wa-ḥaqqaqahu wa-kharraja naṣṣahu ʻAlī ibn ʻAbd al-ʻAzīz ibn ʻAlī al-ʻUmayrīnī. Bayrūt : Dār al-Warrāq, 2004          .

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Number:                   [M:17; A:16; GAL, I, 425 (544, #56), S., I, 755]

Title:                   {مقاصد الفلاسفة} Maqasid al-falasifah (Aims of the Philosophers) Full title: Maqasid al-falasifah : fi al-mantiq wa-al-hikmah al-ilahiyah wa-al-hikmah al-tabi’iyah

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    • Best Available edition: (Misr: al-Matba’ah al-Mahmudiyah al-Tijariyah bi-al-Azhar, [Cairo]1936.) Muhyi al-Din Sabri al-Kurdi Arabic Edition..
    • Mahmoud Bejou has published (Damascus: 2000) the above edition in which he corrected printing errors (misplaced pages) with new typesetting, illustrations and explanatory notes.
    • Aims of the Philosophers with introduction and commentary by S. Dunya Dar al-ma’arif (Cairo, 1965). With an introduction and annotation, textual variation is embedded in the text within brackets.

 

Translation:

    • Complete Latin translation.
    • Partial English Translation from A Hebrew translation: The Logical Part Of Al-Ghazali’s Maqasid Al-Falasifa, In An Anonymous Hebrew Translation With The Hebrew Commentary Of Moses Of Narbonne, Edited And Translated With Notes And An Introduction And Translated Into English. Chertoff, Gershon Baruch, Phd. Columbia University, 1952. 408 pp. (0004166)
    • Spanish Translation: Maqasid al-falasifa; o, Intenciones de los filo´sofos [por] Algazel. Traduccio´n, pro´logo y notas por Manuel Alonso Alonso. Barcelona, J. Flors, 1963.
    • English language Translation: Forthcoming (by David Burrell and Tony Street) from BYU Press -Utah.
    • Die Abhandlung des Abû Hâmid al-Gazzâlî : Antworten auf Fragen, die an ihn gerichtet wurden / nach mehreren Handschriften edirt, mit Einleitung, Uebersetzung nebst Anmerkungen von Heinrich Malter. Frankfurt a.m. : J. Kauffmann, 1896. 2 Volumes Heft I [vol. 1] has German translation of the text; Heft II [vol. 2], pt. 1 has Arabic text and Hebrew translation by Isaac ben Nathan in parallel columns; pt. 2 has Hebrew translation by H. Malter. Added t.p.’s in Hebrew.

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Number:             [M:16; A:17; GAL, I, 425 (544, #55), S., I, 754]

Title:                   {تهافت الفلاسفة} Tahafut al-Falasifa (Incoherence of philosophers) His most famous philosophical work.

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    • Critical edition: (Tahafot al-falasifat / Algazel ; texte arabe etabli et accompagne d’un sommaire latin et d’index par Maurice Bouyges.)
    • Text (with an introduction and notes by S. Dunya)
    • Mahmoud Bejou’s Arabic edition. This edition includes a lecture by Mahmoud ‘Abbas al-’Aqad and a postscript by Dr. Hikmat Hashem, Dean of Philosophy department at Damascus University. (Damascus, 1994).

 

Translation:

    • First English language translation by Sabih Ahmad Kamali (1963)
    • Second English Translation: Marmura, Michael E. The incoherence of the philosophers: Tahafut al-falasifah: a parallel English-Arabic text (Provo: Brigham Young University Press, 1997).
    • Abu Ridah, Muhammad ‘Abd Al-Hadi. Al-Ghazali und Seine Widerlegung der griechischen Philosophie (Tahafut al-Falasifah), Madrid: 1952.
    • Turkish: Filozoflarin tutarsizligi  tr. Bekir Karliga, Istanbul: Özdem Kardesler Matbaasi, 1981. xxxi, 381 p.

 

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    • Note Prof. Marmura did his PhD thesis on this book
    • McGill University 1955 Sabih Ahmad Kamali translated this book for his thesis 342 pages.
    • Book overview from Khasf az-Zunun By Hajji Khalifia

 

 

Number:             [M:18; A:18]

Title:                   {معيار العلم في فن المنطق} Mi’yar al-’Ilm fi fan al-mantiq (Criterion of Knowledge in the Art of Logic) his work on logic

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    • Miyar al-Ilm Early printed edition, edited by Muhyi al-din Sabri al-Kurdi, Cairo, 1927 2nd printing.
    • Mi’yar al-’Ilm fi fan al-mantiq edited by S. Dunya (Cairo: Dar al-ma’arif, 1965), Dunya believes that this book is the introduction to the Tahafut al-falisifah, namely the philosophical trilogy: Logic (this book), Summary (the maqasid) and refutation (the tahafut).

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Number:             [M:20; A:20]

Title:                   {محك النظر في المنطق} Mihak al-Nazar fil al-mantiq (Touchstone of Reasoning in logic)

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Publication:       Kitab mahak al-nazar fi al-mantiq; lil-Imam Abi Hamid al-Ghazzali al-Shafi’i; sahhaha Muhammad Badr al-Din Abi Firas al-Na’sani al-Halabi, wa-Mustafa´ al-Qabbani al-Dimashqi, al-Tab’ah 1. Misr : al-Matba’ah al-Adabiyah, [19–?]

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Number:             [GAL I 425 (544#54); M:26; A:27]

Title:                   Maʻārif al-ʻaqlīyah wa-lubāb al-ḥikmah al-īlāhīyah; and also al-Maʻārif al-ʻaqlīyah [Knowledge by intellect and the kernel of divine wisdom]

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Citation/Association:       Cited by Ibn Ṭufayal in the introduction to Ḥayy bin Yaqẓān [ see p. 114 in Beirut 1980 ed. Fārūq Sʿad; p.36, in Beirut 1993 ed. ʿAlī būMilḥim; p. 16 in Amman 1995 ed. ʿIṣām Fāris al-Ḥarstānī; and in English translation by L. E. Goodman (New York, 1972.) p. 102 where he translates the title as Modes of Awareness] where he discuses al-Ghazālī and the works that came to Andalusia.

Manuscript:       (1) Escurial No. 1130 (Badawi says this is the best manuscript of this work); (2) Oxford’s Bodlian Pocoke 263;  (3) Paris Arabic 1331; (4) Milan Abrosina A.64 vi originally from Yemen, written in 811/ (Badawi says this is worse of the previous set 1-4); (5) Algeria 939; (7) Iran, Mashhad 1:78 [248]; Uthman (Damascus, 1963) says he used the following mss: Aligrah, Lytton copied in 721/; Cairo, Timur library collection in dar al-kutub; Alexandria under another title, Risala fi al-farq bayna al-kalam wal-naṭaq wa-al-qawal, number 3024j. pp. 16-17.

Publication:      Maʻārif al-ʻaqlīyah wa-lubāb al-ḥikmah al-īlāhīyah al-Maʻārif al-ʻaqlīyah / li-Abī Ḥāmid al-Ghazzālī ; taḥqīq wa-taqdīm wa-taʻlīq ʻAlī Idrīs. Ṣafāqis, [Tunis] : al-Taʻāḍudīyah al-ʻUmmālīyah lil- Ṭibāʻah wa-al-Nashr, 1988. and in Madagascar : al-taʻāḍudīyah al-ʻummālīyah, 1988. Also under  Maʻārif al-ʻaqlīyah li Imām Abī Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī, edited by Abd al-Karim al-Uthman, Dar al-Fikr bi Dimashq, Damascus, 1963 (PDF)

Translation:     Partial Spanish translation with an introduction, analysis and summary by Pr. Dario Cabanelas, O.F.M.  had a study of al-Maʻārif al-ʻaqlīyah (Un opusculo inedito de Alagel: El “Libro de las intuiciones intelectuales” ) published in Al-Andalus journal vol. XXI,1 (1956) pp. 19-58.

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Studies:                    Partial Spanish translation with an introduction, analysis and summary by Pr. Dario Cabanelas, O.F.M.  had a study of al-Maʻārif al-ʻaqlīyah (Un opusculo inedito de Alagel: El “Libro de las intuiciones intelectuales” ) published in Al-Andalus journal vol. XXI,1 (1956) pp. 19-58.

 

 

Number:             [M:39; A:39; K:12214, 13243]

Title:                   {المضون به على غير اهله} al-Madnun bihi ‘ala ghir ahlihi (the hidden [knowledge] from the masses):

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Publication:       published in majmu’at Rasil al-imam al-Ghazali.

Translation:     On the Soul

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Studies:              According to Ibn al-Salah as cited by al-Subki: “the book al-madnun that is attributed to him [Ghazali] God forbid! this book should be his and I saw on the back of a copy in the hand of al-Qadi Kamal al-din Muhammad b. ‘Abdullah b. al-Qasem al-Shahrazuri that is fabricated and attributed to al-Ghazali and is created from Maqasid al-falasifa that he refuted in Tahafut al-falasifa…” See Badawi p. 545.   Abu Bakr Muhammad b. ‘Abdallah al-Malaqi (d. 750h) wrote a rebuttal. See Vol. 1, p.60 (Beirut: 2002). Ibn Rushd and Ibn Taymiyah do attribute the book to him. The extant Manuscripts however are varied. One of which is an extract from Maqasid al-falasifa which might explain why Ibn Taymiyah said it looks his writing. Prof. N. Pourjavady had discovered a manuscript used at the Maragha Seminary during the 12th and 13th centuries. It contains a version of the text al-Madnun bihi ala ghayri ahlihi and attributed it to al-Ghazali. -This text is equivalent to an extract of al-Ghazali’s Aims of the philosophers Maqasid al-Falasifa

 

Number:             [M:42; A:42; GAL, S., I, 749, no 28]

Title:                   { القسطاس المستقيم} al-Qistas al-mustaqim (The Correct Balance)

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Publication:       al-Qistas al-mustaqim edited by M. Bejou, (improved edition). And also edited by V. Chalhout 2nd edition. in Arabic (Note: Qur’anic text not verified according to the Uthmani text)

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    • English: al-Qistas al-mustaqim: The Correct Balance (Trans. R. McCarthy.
    • English: The Just Balance (Another English translation: D .P. Brewster, Lahore: Sh. Muhammad Ashraf, 1978) PDF
    • Italian: A translation by by Prof.  M. Capanini. LA BILANCIA DELL’AZION e altri scritti, UTET (Torino, 2005) pp. 275-350. ISBN: 8802060746.

 

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Studies:              A study of this book was done by A. Neuwirth KleinKnecht. (Eine Ableitung Der Logik Aus Dem Koran)

 

Number:            [M:76; A:76; GAL, I, 426 no 64a & 64g, S., I, 751]

Title:                   {معارج القدس في مدارج معرفة النفس} Ma’arij al-Qudus fi madarij ma’rifat al-Nafs (Ascent to the Divine through the path of self-knowledge)

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Publication:       Ma’arij al-Qudus fi madarij ma’rifat al-Nafs an old printed edition from Cairo.

Translation:     English translation with an introduction, analysis and summary by Yusuf Easa Shammas, “Al-Ghazali’s ascent to the Divine through the path of self-knowledge” (Ph.D. diss., Hartford Seminary, 1958)

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Studies:                    Reasons why Ma‘arij al-Qudus is not by al-Ghazali by Mashhad al-Allaf.