Abu Hamid al-Ghazali (450-505) / (1058-1111) [or al-Ghazzali] is one of the foremost thinker of last millennium. 

THIS IS THE ORIGINAL PAGE MOST LINKS HERE DO NOT WORK

Original Source Biography:

1. Abdel-Ghafir al-Farasi's Account of al-Ghazali in Arabic HTML (copied from Subki's Tabaqat). 
2. al-Ghazali: from Tabaqat 'al-Shafi`iyah 'al-kubrá by Imam Tajuddin Subki (1327-1370). (complete with critical Apparatus) (PDF, In Arabic; file size: 2900kb) (Warning: Big file!) courtesy of Prof. Mashhad al-Allaf    
3. al-Ghazali: From the commentary on Ihya (Ithaf as-sadah al-mutaqeen bi sharh ihya' uloom al-din) by Murtada az-Zabidi: (Introduction pp. 1-55) (Arabic PDF file size: 5918kb!) (Warning: Very, very big file!)  
4. al-Ghazali: From the Tabaqat al-Ulyah by al-wasti: (complete with critical Apparatus) (Arabic PDF file size: 1400kb!)  
5. al-Ghazali: From the Wafayat al-'Ayan by Ibn Khalkan: (complete with critical Apparatus) (Arabic PDF file size: 647kb!)  
6. al-Ghazali: from Siyar a'lam al-nubala' by Imam al-Dhahabi (1274-1348). (PDF, In Arabic; file size: 563kb)   
7. al-Ghazali: Biography From Tarikh al-Islam. (PDF, In Arabic; file size: 370kb) 
8. al-Ghazali: Biography From Sirat al-Ghazali. (PDF, In Arabic; file size: 1980kb) 
9. al-Ghazali: Biography From Ibn Askair Tabyan Kathab al-Muftari. (PDF, In Arabic; file size: 637kb) 
10. al-Ghazali: Biography From shathart adhahab.  (PDF, In Arabic; file size: 116kb) also in html.
11. al-Ghazali: Biography From Wafyat al-Wafayat. (PDF, In Arabic; file size: 116kb) 
12. al-Ghazali: Biography From early prints of Ihya. (PDF, In Arabic; file size: 283kb) 
13. al-Ghazali: Biography From Mir'at al-Jinan. (PDF, In Arabic; file size: 703kb) 
14. al-Ghazali: Biography From al-Wajiz fi fiqh al-Shafi'i. (PDF, In Arabic; file size: 911kb) 
15. Al-Ghazali: from al-Bidaya wal-Nihaya of Ibn Khathir. (link -in Arabic) (E-text)
16. For a complete list of original source material see the following page.

Supplementary Material:

1. Muslim Intellectual: A Study of Al-Ghazali. W. M. Watt. (HTML- E-text) is also available in (PDF: file size: 7111kb). (Warning: Big file!)  
2. The faith and Practice of Al-Ghazali. W. M. Watt. (E-text) Deliverance translation only.
3. A Study in Islamic Epistemology: Al-Ghazali. M. M. Abusway (E-text) also available in (PDF: file size: 9650kb). (Warning: Big file!)  
4. Al-Ghazali: from History of Muslim Philosophy. (E-text).
   • Also an article by L. Binder on al-Ghazali's political thought in PDF format only.   
5. The Life of Al-Ghazali with special reference to his religious experiences and opinions (JAOS). 1887. D. B. Macdonald. (e-text) Also available in (PDF: file size: 2966kb). (Warning: Big file!)  
6. Al-Ghazzali: from History of Islamic Philosophy, by M. Campanini. (E-text)
7. Al-Ghazali: from Encyclopedia of Philosophy, by K. Nakamura. (E-text)
8. Al-Ghazali: from Encyclopedia of Religion. (E-text)
9. Al-Ghazali: A new bio by K. Nakamura- from Ghazali and Prayer. (E-text) now in HTML!
10. Al-Ghazali: A New entry from CIS by M. Abu Sway. (link)
11. Al-Ghazali: Encyclopedia of Islam's Article by M. Watt (E-text) 
12. Al-Ghazali: from Encyclopedia Iranica. (E-text)
13. Al-Ghazali: A standard web biography and review of his works by G. F. Haddad. (link)
14. al-Ghazali: From A shia perspective: from Milal by Subhani. (PDF, In Arabic; file size: 457kb) 
15. Al-Ghazali: A short standard Biography. (PDF -in Arabic) (E-text) 
16. Al-Ghazali: A detailed somewhat controversial Biography. by U. Farukh (PDF, In Arabic; file size: 370kb) 
17. Leben und Werk von al-Ghazâlî (Life and works of Ghazali) by: Silvia Al Saad. (link -in German)
18. A Moslem Seeker after God. S. M. Zwemer (PDF: file size: 7704kb). (Warning: Big file!)  

CORPUS (His Works):

• All about Ihya' 'Ulm al-Din (Revival of Religious Sciences) his Magnum Opus. Also contains Full English translations of selected chapters. 
• Jewels of the Qur'an (Jawahir al-Quran ). 
  • Arabic Original, edited by: Dr. M. R. R. al-Qabani (Arabic PDF: File size: 5,796kb) Very large file. 
  • English Translation by M. Abul Quasem. Complete book (E-text) (PDF: File size: 10,600kb) Very large file. 
    • Part I (html)
• Tahafut al-Falasifa (Incoherence of philosophers) His most famous philosophical work. 
  • Arabic text (ed. S. Dunya) (A CRITICAL EDITION Arabic PDF file size: 4490kb!) (Warning: Very, very big file!)  
  • Arabic E-text in word format -partially edited with intro restored.
  • Book Review: General overview. (link)
  • Book Review: From Khasf az-Zunun By Hajji Khalifia (In Arabic)
  • English translation by S. A. Kamali (1963) (in PDF file size: 13881kb!) (word needs editing) (Warning: Very, very big file!)** 
  • New English Translation by Prof. Marmura (1999). Available from BYU Press -Utah.
• Deliverance from Error. (E-text) English Translation
  1. Arabic HTML. Also in word format An updated CRITICAL EDITION with footnotes (complete e-text!).
  2. Edited with an introduction CRITICAL EDITION by J. Saliba and K. Ayed 7th edition. (13.1 M PDF)  
  3. Edited with an introduction CRITICAL EDITION by A. Shamsaldin. Arabic (PDF: file size: 2200 kb). (Warning: Big file!)  
  4. A Modern updated translation. (E-text) (Translation notes not included)
  5. A web copy from a Sufi site. (link)
  6. A nicer HTML copy. (link)
  7. Watt's Translation. Also Available in (PDF: file size: 4100 kb). (Warning: Big file!)  
  8. El-Munkizu Miin-Ad-Dalal. By Hilmi Gungor, a Turkish Translation.  
  9. I'traifat Ghazzali motarjim zainaldin Ki'ya' Nazad. A Persian Translation. 
  10. Erreur et Délivrance, Traducion Françasise avec introduction et notes par Farid Jabre. A French Translation. 
  11. Ghazâlî, Abû-Hâmid Muhammad ibn-Muhammad al-: Der Erretter aus dem Irrtum (Al-Munqidh min ad-dalâl). Aus d. Arab. übers., mit e. Einl., mit Anm. u. Indices hrsg. v. 'Abû Elhamîd Elschazlî. Hamburg: Meiner 1988 (Philosophische Bibliothek; Bd. 389).
  12. El salvador del error, Introducción y notas del Emilio Tornero. A Spanish Translation. 
  13. A TÉVELYGÉSBÔL KIVEZETÔ ÚT in Hungarian (Arabból magyarra fordította / Translated from Arabic into Hungarian by : NÉMETH, Pál)
  14. Ha Podah By H. Lazarus-Yafeh. A Hebrew Translation. 
  15. De redder uit de dwaling, Uit het Arabisch vertaald en tocgelicht door Prof. Dr J. H. Kramers. A Dutch (Holland/Netherlands) Translation.  
• (Maqasid al-Falasifah) Aims of the Philosophers (Arabic E-text) Edited by S. Dunya (PDF: File size: 15000kb) 
  • An old Latin translation. (E-text) (PDF: File size: 8600kb) the Complete edition.  
  • Partial English Translation (?)
  • Al-Kurdi Arabic Edition.
  • New English Translation (Forthcoming(?) from BYU Press -Utah)
• The Jerusalem Epistle a dual language edition with English translation and commentary. (in PDF file size: 8842kb!) (Warning: Very, very big file!)** 
  • The Jerusalem Epistle. (link)
• Ninety-Nine Names of God:  in Arabic with English Introduction. (in PDF file size: 14465kb!)(Warning: Very, very big file!)  
  • English Translation by: D. Burrell and N. Daher (ITS description)
  • Ninety-Nine Names of God. (Link)
• Mihak al-Nazar (Ghazali's book on logic) Arabic Word file. 
• Mizan al-Amal, (Criterion of Action) Arabic Html  
  • Also available Edited by S. Dunya in Arabic pdf. (File size: 14800 kb)  (Warning: Big file!)   
  • English Translation of a Sample Chapters. 
• Miyar al-Ilm (Criterion of Knowledge) his work on logic by Dunya in Arabic pdf (File size: 10000 kb)  (Warning: Big file!)    
• al-Mustazhari or Fadiah al-Batiniah (Ghazali's answer to Ismailis of his time)
  • al-Mustazhari: Trans. R. McCarthy. (E-text) (PDF: File size: 6129kb)  (Warning: Big file!)  
  • Fadiah al-Batiniah (Infamies of the Batinies) In Arabic Ed. A. Badawi (E-text) (PDF: File size: 6954kb)  (Warning: Big file!) (This is the complete edition superior to the German edition bellow).  
  • Streitscrift Des Gazali Gegen Die Batinijja-Sekte Von Ignaz Goldziher. (E-text) (PDF: File size: 8500kb)  (Warning: Big file!) in Arabic with German Intro/Translation.   
  • Damigh al-batil wa-hatf al-munadil -ta'lif `Ali ibn al-Walid (d. 1215) ; taqdim wa-tahqiq Mustafa Ghalib. Bayrut : Mu'assasat `Izz al-Din, 1982. 2 v. (Ismaili's Answer to the Ghazali's Mustazahari!)
• al-Qastas al-Mustaqim: The Correct Balance (Trans. R. McCarthy. (E-text) 
  • al-Qastas al-Mustaqim in Arabic 
    • Edited by (improved edition).
    • edited by V. Shalhout 2nd edition. in Arabic PDF (File size: 2600kb) (Warning: Big file!) (Note: not a good edition has some serious flaws!)  
  • The Correct Balance: (Original PDF: File size: 2502kb) (Warning: Big file!) Facsimile by R. McCarthy  
  • The Just Balance (Another English translation) in PDF (File size: 6500kb) (Warning: Big file!)    
  • A study of this book was done by A. KleinKnecht. (Eine Ableitung Der Logik Aus Dem Koran) (German E-text) (PDF: File size: 1400kb) 
• Foundations of Islamic Belief. 
  • Yet another superior HTML version (links)
  • Yet a third. (Islamic Foundation of UK) (link)
  • In Arabic. (al-Iqtisad fil- Itiqad) word or html.
  • Al-Ghazali on Divine Predicates and their Properties: by A. Abu Zayd. (PDF) 7.8 Megs.  
• Article on Jihad an-Nafs (link)
• Al-hikmah fi makhluqat illah (Wisdom in God's Creation) ed. M. R. Qabani. Arabic (PDF: File size: 3200kb) 
• Ma'arij al-Qudus fi madarij ma'rifat al-Nafs (on the soul) Arabic pdf old printed edition from Cairo. (File size: 7800 kb) (Warning: Big file!)  
• Fiyasl al-Tafriaqh bayn al-islam wal-zandaqa (Decisive judgment between Islam and unbelief) Arabic (PDF: File size: 880 kb)  Also a Link to Arabic text in html from al-wihdah site. (link) Note: this work has been translated by Prof. Jackson.
• Iljam al-awamm 'an ilm al-kalam (Warding off the Masses from Sciences of Theology) Arabic (PDF: File size: 1623 kb) 
• The Forged Sword in Counseling Kings:
  • al-Tibr al-Masbuk fi Nasihat al-Muluk. Arabic (html text minor proof reading)
  • English Translation: Counsel for Kings. (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 17700Kb) (Warning: Big file!)  
• al-Mustasfa. A work on Isul al-Fiqh. A standard work on Foundations of Islamic legislation. (link -in Arabic)- Harf keeps changing URL you can also try the root site.
  • U. of Chicago has a microfilm of the manuscript number: 483. (link)
  • Part I in Arabic word file copied from Harf.
• Alchemy of Happiness  (e-text) 
  • Introduction in pdf format by E. Daniels. (File size: 3200 kb) 
  • Arabic Translation (Introductory material) Arabic pdf (File size: 580 kb)
  • Chapters 1-4 while chapter 5  is here (link)
  • Tawakul (Reliance) Yet another from Turkish? of Persian Origin. (link: Chap. 8. Part 4.) Thanks Mustafa!
  • News: Kazi publications is publishing a full English translation of the Persian Original. 
    • Currently there are 24 of the 44 books published. Price for each book is either 5.95 or 7.95 depending on size. Plan is to also publish in two volumes all 44 books. 
    • There is a another English translation published by Kitab Bahvan publishing house.
• A poem by al-Ghazali in Arabic. 
  • Last words of al-Ghazali. (link)
• Ayah al-Wald al-Muahib (Al-Ghazali Letter to a Disciple) (Arabic E-text: PDF only (File size: 226k)  
  • English translation from the original Arabic by G. O'schraer. (first time on the net!) Also available as a MS word file.
  • O' Son: A translation from the Turkish that was translated from Persian (?) (link)
  • My Dear Beloved Son (A translation from the Urdu translation ) (link) and locally in word file. Courtesy of the Translator!
  • New English translation forthcoming from ITS by T. Mayer.

Pseudo Works (Attributed to al-Ghazali): These works are questionable at best.

1. al-Madnun: On the Soul. (E-text- edited). yet another Interpretation by Jerrhai (link). Mystery solved, News: Prof. N. Pourjavady had discovered old manuscripts of al-Ghazali's works that were written close to the time of his death. It points out that one of the questionable works that are attributed to him "al-Madnun bi hi ala' Ghair ahlhi" -This work is a portion of his summary of philosophy (Maqasid al-Falasifa) and not an independent work written later in life. Read his report. (PDF) 
2. Al-Maraghah manuscript. (Provided by Prof. N.  Pourjavady) 
3. Mishkat al-Anwar Qur'anic Hermeneutics of the chapter of Light. (e-text)
   • info about a French Translation (link with summary)
4. al-madnun al-Saghir, 
5. al-Naffakh wal-Taswiyah (Breathing (life) and Formation (of creation).
6. al-Ajwaba al-Ghazaliyah a'la al-Masil al-Akhrawiyah. (Ghazali Answers to Questions concerning the Hereafter.)
7. ar-Radd al-Jamil (The polite answer...) (Arabic E-text: PDF only (File size: 458k). 
8. al-Risala al-Laduniya Intro translated by Prof. Godlas (link)
9. Sirr al-'Alamin (Secret of the two worlds).
10. Letters of al-Ghazali. (English PDF) (File size: 4800 kb)  (Warning: Big file!)  
11. Mukashafat al-Qulub (Unveiling of the Hearts)
12. Minhaj al-'Arafin (Methodology of the Gnostics)
13. Minhaj al-'Abidin (Methodology of the Worshipers)
14. Risalt al-Tayr  (Epistle of the Birds) See article: Al-Ghazzali's Epistle of the Birds. N. A. Faris (PDF). 

Bibliography:

1. List of Books in Arabic  From Khasf az-Zunun By Hajji Khalifia (In Arabic)
2. The works attributed to al-Ghazali by M. W. Watt. (E-text) (PDF.)  (File size: 1253kb). 
3. Mu'alfat al-Ghazali by Abdurrahman Badawi. This is THE WORK on the works of al-Ghazali. (Arabic PDF.)  (File size: 13300 kb)  (Warning: Big file!)  
4. Mashhad Al-Allaf's Ghazali's works (Arabic html).  Addendum to Badawi's work above.
5. A chronology of al-Ghazali's works. George F. Hourani : Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 79, No. 4. (Oct. - Dec., 1959), pp. 225-233.
6. A revised chronology of al-Ghazali's works. George F. Hourani : Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 104, No. 2. (Apr. - Jun., 1984), pp. 289-302.
7. Al-Ghazali's works and thought (Arabic link). 

Works about his thought:

Books:

1. Imam Ghazali (Between his Admirers and Critics) by Yusef al-Qaradawi (Arabic PDF.) (File size: 7000kb) (Warning: Big file!)  
2. Imam Ghazali by M. S. Shami in Arabic (PDF.) (File size: 7000kb) (Warning: Big file!)  
3. Al-haqiqah fi nazr al-ghazali (Certainty According to al-Ghazali) by S. Duyna. (19.7 Megs Arabic PDF)  
4. Ilamaquwl fi falsafat al-Ghazali (Irrationality in al-Ghazali's philosophical system) in Arabic (PDF) (File size: 5700kb) (Warning: Big file!)  
5. The Ethical Philosophy of Al-Ghazzali Prof. M. 'Umaruddin (PDF) (File size: 19500kb) (Warning: Big file!)  
6. Ghazali's Unique Unknowable God. By  F. Shehadi (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 10300kb) (Warning: Big file!)  
7. Ghazali's Theory of Virtue.  By M. A. Sherif (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 10700kb) (Warning: Big file!)  
8. Al-Ghazali and the Ash'arite School by R. M. Frank Pp. 168. Durham and London, Duke University Press, 1994. (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 8200kb) (Warning: Big file!)  
   • Book review: Tobias Mayer Review article, Journal of Quran Studies, vol. 1 issue 1. pp. (html, word)
   • Book review: AHMAD DALLAL, Ghazali and the Perils of Interpretation, JAOS 122:4(10-12, 2002)pp. 773-787. (posted with author's permission) (PDF)
9. Creation and the Cosmic system: Al-Ghazali and Avicenna by R. M. Frank (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 8200kb) (Warning: Big file!)  
10. Prof. Marmura's PhD thesis on the Tahfut (missing one page) (Warning: Big file!)  
11. Tashyid al-'arkan (In defense of Ghazali's statement that the world is the best of possible worlds) by Imam Siuti. (Warning: Big file!)  
12. Aristotle and Al-Ghazali (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 8100Kb) (Warning: Big file!)  

Articles (miscellanea):

1. Toleration and exclusion: al-Shafi‘i and al-Ghazali on the treatment of apostates By: FRANK GRIFFEL. (link)
2. Text on Two Renewers of Faith al-Ghazali and Razi. A preview of the books   contents and Introduction by Prof. N. Pourjavady. (Persian -PDF)
   • Sample Article 1: On the primordial Covenant: Ahd-e alast (Persian -PDF)  
   • Sample Article 2: The Maraghah manuscript: Athar "Madnun" Ghazzali (Persian -PDF)  
   • Please note that this latest research is published in English Encyclopedia Iranica. (we are looking for it!)
3. Educational thought of al-Ghazali. By N. Nofal - available in French. (PDF link) 
4. Awham hawal al-Ghazali (Misconceptions surrounding al-Ghazali) By A. Badawi. (Arabic PDF.)  (File size: 427 kb). 
5. Studies in Al-Ghazali by H. Lazarus-Yafeh (A large extract) (PDF.) (File size: 2688kb) (Warning: Big file!)  
6. Ghazali and demonstrative Science by M. Marmura. (E-text) (PDF.)  (File size: 1062kb). 
7. An analysis of Faysal al-Tafriqah in Arabic (PDF.) (File size: 2400kb) (Warning: Big file!)  
8. Maki and Ghazali on Mystical Practices by K. Nakamura (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 514kb) 
9. Al-Ghazali's theory of Causality by B. Abrahamov (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 514kb) 
10. Ghazali's attitude to the secular Science and Logic. M. Marmura (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 607Kb)  
11. Political Aspects of Ibn al-'Arabi's critique of al-Ghazali's Taswuf. By. A. M. Saghir (Arabic PDF.)  (File size: 857 kb) 
12. Forerunner of al-Ghazali's . By M. Smith (PDF)  (File size: 917 kb) 
13. Notes on Al-Ghazali's view of the earthly life. (me)
14. MA Dissertation: Al-Ghazali & the Contemporary Age By: P. Greenland. (link) He also has a Ghazali web site with many more documents and links. 
15. Al-Ghazzali's Natural Philosophy (Book review) (link)
16. Al-Ghazali & the Robbers: A story for children. (link)
17. The mind and heart of al-Ghazali. By A. Crow. (courtesy of the author!)
18. Typical Anti Ghazali opinions (Arabic link) from a Salafi discussion group.
19. SOME MORAL & RELIGIOUS TEACHINGS OF AL-GHAZZALI by SYED NAWAB ALI (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 4800Kb) 
20. Nazarat fi fikar Al-Ghazali (Reflections on Al-Ghazali's Thought) By A. Najaar. Arabic (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 9500Kb) (Warning: Big file!)  
21. Al-Ghazali Theory of Islamic Government. L. Binder (PDF). 
22. Mohamad Al-Ghazali. D. M. Donaldson (PDF). 
23. A Visit to the Grave of Al-Ghazali. D. M. Donaldson (PDF). 
24. Al-Ghazzali's Rules of Conduct. N. A. Faris (PDF). 
25. Ghazali on the Inner Secret and Outward Expression of Religion in his "Child". F. H. Foster (PDF). Also available in a word file format. Thanks to an anonymous contributor. 
26. Al-Ghazali as Sufi. Rev. W. R. W. Gardener. 
27. Ghazali's Theological thought. Nakamura (PDF). 
28. Place of the Religious Commandments in the Philosophy of Al-Ghazali. H. Lazarus-Yafeh (PDF) 
29. Ghazali's Argument from Creation (I). L. E. Goodman (PDF) 
30. Ghazali's Argument from Creation (II). L. E. Goodman (PDF) 
31. The Logical Role of the Argument from Time in the Tahafut's Proof for the World's Pre-eternity. M. Marmura (PDF) 
32. Al-Ghazali on Penitence. C. G. Naish (PDF) 
33. Al-Ghazali and the Sunna. J. Robson (PDF) 
34. Some Abiding Teachings of Al-Ghazali. S. R. Shafaq (PDF) 
35. Al-Ghazali on the Practice of the Presence of God. M. Smith (PDF). 
36. Al-Ghazali's Thought Concerning the Nature of Man and Union with God. C. R. Upper (PDF) 
37. The relationship between Averroes and al-Ghazali: As it presents itself in Averroes' Early writings, especially in his commentary on al-Ghazali's al-Mustasfa. By Prof. Frank Griffel, in Medieval Philosophy and the Classical Tradition In Islam, Judaism and Christianity Edited by John Inglis, Curzon Press Richmond, Surrey UK (ISBN: 0-7007-1469-3) Pp 51-63. http://www.curzonpress.co.uk This paper presents new research based on newly found manuscript (al-Da'ruri fi Isul al-Fiqh) by Averroes. An analysis of which presents quite a different picture then is traditionally thought of (namely Ibn Rushd's hostility towards al-Ghazali).

Specific Subjects covered:

Re-evaluation of Al-Ghazali:

1. Ghazali and Ash'arism Revisited, Michael E. Marmura, Arabic Science and Philosophy vol. 12(2002) pp.91-110 (PDF)
2. Was Ghazali an Ash'arite? K. Nakamura. (PDF.)   (File size: 1590 kb) 
3. Al-Ghazali's Tahafut: Is it really a rejection of Ibn Sina's Philosophy? by: J. Janssens. Journal of Islamic Studies. 12:1(2001) pp. 1-17 in pdf.-full text. (link)
4. Ghazalian Synthesis: Al-Ghazali and Sciences by. M. Iqbal (link, English PDF). 
5. Love of God in the Ihya by S. Van Den Berg (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 637Kb)  
6. Sources: Nasr's Footnoted comments on Al-Ghazali authorship of Maqasid al-Falasifa. (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 237Kb)
7. JULES JANSSENS , LE DÂNESH-NÂMEH d'IBN SÎNÂ : UN TEXTE À REVOIR ? Bulletin de Philosophie Médiévale (Louvain-la-Neuve) volume: 28 (1986), pp. 163-177. With an English synopsis. 
8. Ghazali's Neoplatonic Sources. (al-Ghazali wa masadrahu al-yunanyah) A. Badawi Arabic PDF (File size: 599 kb). 

On his views on Causality:

1. Mafhoom al-sababiyah 'anda al-Ghazali. (Al-Ghazali's Concept of Causality.) by A. Y. al-Marzouki. (5.5 megs PDF).  
2. Al-Ghazali's second casual theory in the 17th discussion of the Tahafut. M. Marmura (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 411Kb)  
3. Islamic Occasionalism and its critique by Averroes and Aquinas by M. Fakhry. (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 34200Kb) (Warning: Very, very big file!)  
4. Al Ghazali on Causality by A. Ilyon (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 612kb)  
5. Al-Ghazali On Necessary Casuality. S. Ricker. (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 704kb)  
6. Did Al Ghazali deny Causality by  L. E. Goodman (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 2796Kb) (Warning: Very, very big file!)  
7. Al-Ghazali, Causality, and Knowledge. By P. Adamson. (link)
8. CAUSALITY AND DIVINE ACTION. By: M. H. Kamali (link)
9. Medieval Aristotelianism and the case against Secondary Causality in Nature. by A. J. Freddoso (link)

On his views on Philosophy:

1. Tahafut al-Tahafut (Incoherence of the Incoherence) Ibn Rushd's Answer to Al-Ghazali. (E-text.) 
2. Tahafut of Hocazade (a book by an Ottoman scholar (Mustafa b. Khalil Khawaja zadae Barswae) on the issue of philosophers in the two tahafuts of Ghazali and Ibn Rushd. (Arabic PDF.)  (File size: 6400 kb)  (Warning: Big file!)  
3. Tahafut of Alaaddin al-Tusi. (yet another book by an Ottoman scholar edited by Rida Sa`ada (Bayrut : al-Dar al-Alimyah, 1983). Arabic coming soon.
4. Ibn Rushd Vs. Al-Ghazali a reconsideration of a Polemic. J. P. Montada (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 607Kb)  
5. Ghazali and Averroes on Necessary connection and Miracles. B. Kogan. (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 614Kb)  
6. The dialogue between Al Ghazali and the philosophers on the origin of the world (Part I). by G. F. Hourani (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 1140kb) (Warning: Very, very big file!)  
7. The Climax of a Philosophical Conflict in Islam. G. J. Tomeh (E-text) (PDF) (File size: 514kb) 

On his two crises (Epistemological and psychological):

1. The Place of Doubt in Islamic Epistemology: Al-Ghazzali's Philosophical Experience. O. Bakr (E-text) also pdf
2. An approach to al-Ghazali's Conversion by K. Nakamura (E-text) (PDF.)   (File size: 799kb) 
3. Al-Ghazali's "Spiritual Crisis" Re-considered by M. Abu Sway (E-text) (PDF.) (File size: 783kb) 
4. Freedom and Fulfillment: Introduction to al-Ghazali's Munqidh. by R. McCarthy (E-text)  (PDF.)   (File size: 2688kb) (Warning: Very, very big file!)  
5. Al-Ghazali's Crisis: a Re-evaluation of writings on his crisis. (Newly updated!)
6. Ma al-Ghazali fi munqhidhi (With al-Ghazali in his book al-Munqhidh) A. Abdrazak. (E-text) Arabic PDF (5700 KB) sympathetic account of his life.  (Warning: Very, very big file!)  
7. I'trafat al-Ghazali: aw Kayfa arakha al-Ghazali li-nafasahu (Confessions of al-Ghazali or how al-Ghazali re-wrote his own biography (lit. history) by A. D. al-Baqari. (PDF: file size: 7400kb) (Arabic E-text) Controversial account that claims al-Ghazali lied about his life. (Warning: Very, very big file!)  
8. The Taste of Truth: Structural analysis of al-Munqidh min al-Dalal. E. Ormsby (PDF) (File size: 1112Kb)  (Warning: Very, very big file!)  
9. The Theologian's Doubts: Natural Philosophy and the Skeptical Games of Ghazali. L. halevi (PDF) 

Articles that are needed:

• Ceylan, Yasin: "Al-Ghazâlî between Philosophy and Sufism". In: The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 12 (1995), pp. 584-589.
• Jabre, Farid: "La Biographie et l'oeuvre de Ghazali reconsidérées à la lumière des TabaqÁt de Sobki". In: Mélanges de l'Institut Dominicain d'Études Orientales du Caire, 1954, pp.73-102.
• Lambton, A.K.S.: "Sufis and the state in Medieval Persia".In: C. van Dijk u. A.H. de Groot: State and Islam. Leiden: Research School CNWS 1995. 
• Leaman, Oliver: "Ghazâlî and Averroes on Meaning". In: Al-Masâq 9 (1996-1997), pp.179-189.
• Leaman, Oliver: "Ghazâlî and the Ash'arites". In: Asian Philosophy 6 (1996), pp.17-27.
• Malamud, Margaret: "Sufi Organizations and Stuctures of Authority in Medieval Nishapur". In: Middle East Studies 26 (1994), pp.427-442. 
• Yavari, Neguin: "Nizâm al-Mulk and the Restoration of Sunnism in Iran in the Eleventh Century". In: Tahqîqât-i-islâmî 10 (1996), pp.570-550.
• Maybe we missed some. Let us know.

Related Philosophers & Muslim Scholars:

• Abu Nasr Al-Farabi, a Muslim philosopher of Turkish origin whom al-Ghazali refuted. (our site)
• Ibn Sina The most famous of Muslim philosophers of Persian origin whom al-Ghazali refuted. (our site)
• Ibn Rushd, A Muslim philosophers of Andalusian origin who attempted to refute al-Ghazali's arguments against the philosophers. (our site)
• Ibn Taymiyah, A famous theologian of Kurdish origin who he had interesting opinions on philosophy and al-Ghazali too. (our Site!)
• Imam al-Ashari (Ibn Asakir's bio). al-Ghazali followed this creed. and Imam Maturdi (link)
  • On Imam Ashari and Asharism by R. M. Frank.
  • Asharite Ontology by R. M. Frank. (PDF - 6844 KB) (PDF) 
  • Isthasan al-khawd fi ilm al-kalam (Ed. McCarthy) (PDF) 
  • Ibana 'an isul al-dyana' (Ed. McCarthy) (9.0 Megs PDF) 
• Imam al-Harmayan (Abu al-Malai) al-Jawayni. Also in Arabic. He is of Persian (Arab ancestry) origin, Ghazali's Main teacher. (link)
• Fakhr ad-Din ar-Razi. Need I say more, his intellectual heir. (link) see this as well. He is of Persian origin.
• Imam al-Jawazi. A Hanabali 'Fan/Critic' of al-Ghazali. He summarized his major work the Ihya'. (link) Also  a famous Orator in his own right.
• Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi. A student, of Andalusian origin, and later a critic of Ghazali. (His bio from different sources.) In Arabic. 
• Ahmad al-Ghazali. His brother was a famous Orator. (e-text)
  • Swanih: A Sufi treatise, translation and commentary by Prof. N. Pourjavady. (4.7 megs PDF)

Further Research on the net:

• Noesis: Philosophical Research On-Line: al-Ghazali.
• Google:     Ghazali, Ghazzali, Ghazaly
• Alta Vista: Ghazali, Ghazzali, Ghazaly, Imam Ghazali, al ghazali
• Yahoo:     Ghazali, Ghazzali, Ghazaly
• EpistemeLinks.com: al-Ghazali.
• Library of Congress Citations. (link)
• National Library of Canada. (link) 

Multimedia (Audio & Video):

• Ghazali: The movie (here is a first look) Image 1
• A portrait of al-Ghazali in his later years by an Iraqi artist.
• Preview of our new look (let us know what you think)
• Video: S. H. Nasr: Great thinkers series: al-Ghazali. (link)
• TV Transcripts: From Egyptian TV. (E-text)
• Lecture Transcripts: Ghazali & Ibn Rushd: Macquarie U. By: R.J. Kilcullen (link) 
• Avicenna & Medieval Muslim Philosophy: Narrated by Lynn Redgrave (link)

Chair:

• S. M. N. al-Attas: al-Ghazali Chair of Islamic Studies. (page was lost but it was saved by internet archives)
  • Article on Islamic Philosophy from the Journal of Islamic Philosophy. 

Study Group/Society:

• We are planning on holding a second Panel on al-Ghazali for 2004 meeting of the AAR on the theme of: 'A reconsideration of the 'Revival' al-Ihya'. Let me know what you think.

• Society Logo in Arabic. Large JPG file. 652 kb.

• This is Peter Greenland's idea for: "forming an Al-Ghazali Society and if you would be interested in joining – ideally for an annual lecture/workshop – We would be very interested in hearing from you." E-mail the webmaster.

Conference:

• We held a very successful panel that was well attended (Thank you!) on Imam Ghazali that took place at the American Academy of Religion (AAR) meeting in November 22 -25, 2003 Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

• The conference that took place in Malaysia (in 2001) about his contemporary relevance. (site is gone but Internet archives had a copy of it.)

• See above for a new Conference/Panels

Places:

• This site invites you to visit al-Ghazali's tomb in Mashad, Iran. (link)

• This is where Imam Ghazali wrote the Ihya. Okay we are not 100% sure but... (link)

Portrait:

• We are looking for a better one than what is generally available. If you find one let me know. If you are an artist please E-mail me. 

Projects:

E-text and Digital Manuscripts (E-GAZALIANA) Project :

• Any missing links please e-mail us here webmaster.

• Help us digitize al-Ghazali and don't be shy: E-texts and 'Scanned/facsimile' of manuscripts. See items marked double asterisk (stars!) and let me know by e-mail.

• Any suggestions are welcomed to make this the best al-Ghazali site on the net. 

• We need volunteers to help in proofreading. check out the Volunteerism Page for more information. 

• Finally if you have a site do link to us. our static URL is: (www.ghazali.org/index.html,)

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