APPENDIX
PERSONS CITED IN TEXT - EXCLUDING
PROPHETS
AL-‘ABBƒS ibn ‘Abd al-Mu¥¥alib (d. 32 [652/3])-61, 63, 69. The uncle of the Prophet, before whom he was born, it is sometimes said, by two years. An important personality at Mecca, he held the ancient office of providing water (siq…ya) to the pilgrims. While always tolerant of his nephew’s cause, he joined it only upon the conquest of Mecca in 8 AH. (EI2, I. 8-9 [W. Montgomery Watt]; I¡…ba, II. 263.)
‘ABD ALLƒH IBN ‘ABBƒS-77. See 'Ibn ‘Abb…s'.
‘ABD ALLƒH IBN ‘AMR IBN AL ‘ƒø (d. c 65 [684/5])-128, 131, 243, 256. A Companion of the Prophet, and an authority on the Tradition. He was celebrated for his austere lifestyle, which he was enjoined by the Prophet to temper. (Nawaw†, Tahdh†b, 361-2.)
‘ABD ALLƒH IBN MAS‘•D-243. See 'Ibn Mas‘™d'.
‘ABD ALLƒH IBN AL-MUBƒRAK ibn W…ÿi| al-ðan©al† (d. 181 [797/8])-89, 164. An influential saint and scholar of the Law. Originally of Merv in Central Asia, he travelled to study with M…lik ibn Anas in Medina and al-Awz…‘† in Syria before he died in combat against the Byzantines. His works on renunciation and the Holy War have been published and are still popular. (GALS, I. 256; øafad†, XVII. 419-20; Ab™ Nu‘aym, VIII. 162-91; ‘A¥¥…r, 124-8.)
‘ABD ALLƒH IBN RAWƒ›A al-Khazraj† (d. 8 [629])-131. An early Medinese convert chiefly remembered for his heroism at the battle of Mu’ta, where, after assuming the command after the deaths of Zayd ibn ›…ritha and Ja‘far ibn Ab† ¦…lib, he too joined the ranks of the martyrs. (EI2, I. 50-1 [A. Schaade]; I¡…ba, II. 298-9.)
‘ABD ALLƒH IBN SALƒM ibn al-›…rith al-Qaynuq…‘† (d. 43 [663/4])-81. Said to have been a rabbi of aristocratic stock before converting to Islam, he is credited with a large corpus of Judaic tales, many of which are to be found in al-¦abar†’s commentary on the Qur’…n. He participated in the conquest of Syria and Palestine, but died in Medina. (EI2, I. 52 [J. Horovitz]; I¡…ba, II. 312-3.)
‘ABD ALLƒH IBN SUMAY¦ (d. 181 [797/8])-21. A respected traditionist of Basra. (Zab†d†, X. 242.)
‘ABD ALLƒH IBN THA‘LABA al-‘Udhr† (d. c 87 [705/6])-23. A Follower (t…bi‘†), and a 'weeper' (bakk…’), whose tears are said to have left permanent marks on his cheeks. A pupil of Ibn ‘Umar and Ab™ Hurayra in |ad†th, he left a number of sayings on the subject of death. (K…shif, II. 68; Ab™ Nu‘aym, VI. 245-6; Ÿafad†, XVII. 99.)
‘ABD ALLƒH IBN ‘UBAYD IBN ‘UMAYR al-Layth† (d. 113 [731/2])-135. An early ascetic and renowned preacher of Mecca, as well as a highly-regarded traditionist who studied under Ibn ‘Abb…s. (Mash…h†r, 83; Ab™ Nu‘aym, III. 354-9; Ÿafad†, XVII. 304-5.)
‘ABD ALLƒH IBN ‘UMAR-15, 29, 79, 182, 245. See 'Ibn ‘Umar'.
‘ABD ALLƒH IBN ZAM‘A ibn al-Aswad ibn al-Mu¥¥alib al-Qurash† (d. c 35 [655/6])-64, 65. A Companion, and a prolific narrator of Traditions. His father is said to have died with the idolators at the battle of Badr. (I¡…ba, II. 303-4; Ist†‘…b, II. 298-300.)
‘ABD ALLƒH AL-ZARRƒD-159. Possibly ‘Abd All…h ibn Ab…n al-Zarr…d, a traditionist who died in 287 (900/1) at Baghdad. (T…r†kh Baghd…d, IX. 421.)
‘ABD AL-MALIK IBN MARWƒN (regn. 65-86 [685-705])-86-7. The fifth Umayyad caliph, remembered for administrative reforms and a number of successful campaigns against the Kh…rijite rebels and Byzantine encroachment.
‘ABD AL-RA›MƒN IBN AL-‘ALƒ’ IBN AL-LAJLƒJ-117. A traditionist of Aleppo, whose father was also a respected scholar. (K…shif, II. 160.)
‘ABD AL-RA›MƒN ibn Ab† Bakr al-Qurash† (d. c 54 [673/4])-61, 112. The elder son of Ab™ Bakr, he participated in his father’s campaign in the Yam…ma, where he acquired some fame as an archer. (I¡…ba, II. 399-401; Ist†‘…b, II. 391-4.)
‘ABD AL-RA›MƒN IBN ‘AWF al-Qurash† (d. 31 [652])-77, 80. One of the first to respond to the Prophet’s call in Mecca, he took part in the migration to Abyssinia. A wealthy merchant, he donated huge sums in charity, and was one of the council of six nominated by ‘Umar to choose his successor, as well as being one of the ten men assured of Heaven by the Prophet while they still lived. (EI2, I. 84 [M.Th. Houtsma-W. Montgomery Watt]; I¡…ba, II. 408-10.)
‘ABD AL-RA›MƒN IBN Y•SUF-22. Unidentified: many figures with this name are recorded.
‘ABD AL-Wƒ›ID IBN ZAYD (d. c 177 [793/4])-157. A companion of al-›asan al-Ba¡r† and al-D…r…n† chiefly remembered for the importance which he attached to solitude. According to Ab™ Nu‘aym, he was partially paralysed, from which affliction he was released only at the time of prayer. (Ab™ Nu‘aym, VI. 155-65; Bid…ya, X. 171; Massignon, Essai, 194.)
ABU’L-‘ABBƒS IBN ‘A¦ƒ’ (d. c 309 [921/2])-93. A Sufi of Baghdad and a companion of al-Junayd. He is said to have written a number of works, but these are now lost. (Sulam†, 260-8.)
ABU’L-‘ABBƒS AL-D‡NAWAR‡ (d. c 340 [951/2])-91. A Sufi who preached at N†s…b™r and Samarqand. He was a companion of al Jurayr† and Ab™ Sa‘†d al-Kharr…z. (Sulam†, 500-4; Ab™ Nu‘aym, X. 383.)
AB• ‘AL‡ AL-R•DHBƒR‡ (d. 322 [933/4])-91. The well known Sufi of Baghdad, who also spent time in Egypt. He was associated with the circle of al-Junayd and al-N™r†. He was also a |ad†th scholar and a jurist who studied under Ibr…h†m al-›arb†. (Qushayr†, I. 185-6; Sulam†, 362-9; T…r†kh Baghd…d, I. 329-33.)
AB• ‘AMR IBN AL-‘ALƒ’ ibn ‘Amm…r al-M…zin† (d. 154 [770/1])-98. A traditionist of Basra, who was also an authority on Arabic grammar. (Mash…h†r, 153-4.)
AB• ASH‘ATH-11. Identified by Zab†d† (X. 231) as a traditionist by the name of Ibn ‘Abd al- M…lik al-›amr…n†.
AB• AYY•B AL-ANŸƒR‡, Kh…lid ibn Zayd al-Najj…r† (d. c 52 [672])-132. One of the first Medinese Muslims, present at the first 'Pledge of al-‘Aqaba' and host to the Prophet before the construction of the latter’s house. In later years he was the caliph ‘Al†’s governor over Medina, and died during a seige of Constantinople. His tomb remains to this day the spiritual hub of Istanbul. (EI2, I. 108-9 [E. Lévi-Provençal et al.]; I¡…ba, I. 404-5.)
AB• BAKR AL-KATTƒN‡-162. See 'al-Katt…n†.'
AB• BAKR IBN ‘ABD ALLƒH AL-MAZAN‡-114. A mistake for Bakr ibn ‘Abd All…h al-Mazan†, for whom see s.v.
AB• BAKR IBN AB‡ MARYAM al-Ghass…n† (d. 256 [868/9])-167. A prolific narrator of Tradition sometimes cited by al-Tirmidh†, although generally considered to be unreliable (ÿa‘†f). A well-known ascetic, who lived and taught at ›im¡ (Syria). (Ab™ Nu‘aym, VI. 88-91; þu‘af…’, 262; Ÿafad†, X. 230.)
AB• BAKR AL-RASH‡D‡-166. A jurist of N†s…b™r. (Zab†d†, X. 438.)
AB• BAKR AL-øIDD‡Q ibn Ab† Qu|…fa al-Taym† (d. 13 [634])-24, 60, 61, 63, 64, 69, 70, 71-3, 74-7, 81, 82, 114, 158, 159, 163, 185, 237, 243. A small businessman of Mecca who personally accompanied the Prophet on his emigration to Medina, Ab™ Bakr became the Prophet’s closest advisor, and after his death became the first caliph. His short reign (11/632-13/634) saw the quelling of an uprising in Central Arabia and the beginnings of the conquest of Iraq and Palestine. (EI2, I. 109-111 [W. Montgomery Watt].)
AB• BURDA ibn Ab† M™s… al-Ash‘ar† (d. 104 [722/3])-260. A traditionist and chief judge of K™fa in the reign of ‘Abd al-M…lik, from which post he was dismissed by al-ðajj…j. (Mash…h†r, 104; Bid…ya, IX. 231; EI2 I. 693-4 [J. Schacht].)
ABU’L-DARDƒ’, ‘Uwaymir al-Khazraj† (d. 32 [652/3])-14, 102, 128, 131, 225, 243, 260. A celebrated Companion of the Prophet who joined Islam sometime after the battle of Badr, whereupon he is said to have given up commerce in order to occupy himself with worship with the ahl a1-øuffa. He was one of those who gathered together the text of the Qur’…n during the Prophet’s lifetime. He died in Damascus, where he was buried, and is venerated in particular by the Sufis (EI2, I. 113-4 [A. Jeffery]; Ab™ Nu‘aym, I. 208-27.)
AB• DHARR, Jundub ibn Jun…da al-Ghif…r† (d. c 32 [652/3])-102, 112, 200, 218, 259. One of the earliest Muslims, his shyness and devout temperament made him the protagonist of a rich variety of legendary material. He also transmitted a large number of Traditions: al-Bukh…r† and Muslim between them include thirty-one of these. (EI2, I. 114-5 [J. Robson]; Massignon, Essai, 158-9; Ist†‘…b, IV. 62-5.)
AB• HƒSHIM AL-RUMMƒN‡-19. Possibly to be identified with Ab™ H…shim Ya|y… al-Zumm…n†, a highly-regarded traditionist of W…si¥, who died in 122 (739/40). (Zab†d†, X. 241; K…shif, III. 341.)
AB• ›ƒTIM AL-RƒZ‡, Mu|ammad ibn Idr†s al-›an©al† (d. 277 [890/1])-164. A respected scholar with a fine memory who taught Ibr…h†m al-›arb† and Ibn Abi’l-Duny… in Baghdad. (Bid…ya, XI. 59; T…r†kh Baghd…d, II. 73-8.)
AB• ›ƒZIM, Salama ibn D†n…r al-Madan† (d. 140 [757/8])-86. An ascetic who became an important figure for the early Sufis. 'Everything which does not bring you to God', he said, 'can only bring you to destruction'. (GAS, I. 634-5; Mash…h†r, 79; Ab™ Nu‘aym, III. 229--59.)
AB• HURAYRA al-Daws† al-Yam…n† (d. c 58 [677/8])-32, 43, 46, 48, 97, 114, 120, 127, 131, 137, 138, 144, 146, 179, 180, 191, 199, 200, 212, 222, 224, 226, 234, 240, 249. One of the most copious narrators of Tradition, and also a model of poverty and the fear of God’s chastisement. He is said to have joined Islam during the Khaybar expedition (7/629); after which he became one of the ahl a1-øuffa. After the Prophet’s death he was appointed governor of Ba|rayn by ‘Umar. (Azami, 35-7; EI2, I. 129 [J. Robson]; I¡…ba, IV. 200-8.)
AB• JA‘FAR-73. See 'Mu|ammad ibn ‘Al†.'
AB• JA‘FAR AL-øAYDALƒN‡-160. A Sufi of Baghdad, a companion of al-Sarr…j and a spiritual instructor of Ibn al A‘r…b†. He spent many years in Mecca. (T…r†kh Baghd…d, XIV. 416.)
AB• LAHAB, ‘Abd al-‘Uzz… ibn ‘Abd al-Mu¥¥alib (d. 2 [623/ 4])-157. A patrician of Mecca who became one of the leading persecutors of the Prophet when he made his mission public. His sons, ‘Utba and Mu‘attib eventually joined Islam. (EI2, I. 136-7 [W. Montgomery Watt].)
AB• LU’LU’A (d. 23 [644]-77. A slave who killed the Caliph ‘Umar, whom, he believed, had failed to rectify a tax grievance. (Cf, e.g., Ibn A‘tham, II. 83-6.)
AB• MU›AMMAD IBN ‘AL‡-23. Unidentified.
AB• M•Sƒ AL-ASH‘AR‡, ‘Abd All…h ibn Qays (d. c 42 [662/3])-34, 260. Ab™ M™s… joined Islam during the Khaybar campaign. During the caliphate of ‘Umar he was responsible for the conquest of Kh™zist…n, and was made governor of Basra. Later he became ‘Al†’s representative at the arbitration following the battle of øiff†n (37/657), after which he took no further part in public life. (EI2, I. 695-6 [L. Veccia Vaglieri].)
AB• M•Sƒ AL-TAM‡M‡-105. A traditionist of Basra. (Zab†d†, X. 355.)
AB• QAYS, ‘Abd al-Ra|m…n ibn Th…bit (d. 54 [673/4])-127. A mawl… of ‘Amr ibn al-‘ƒ¡, he transmitted Traditions from ‘Amr and Umm Salama; he is also reported to have been well versed in fiqh. (K…shif, III. 326.)
AB• QILƒBA-118. Probably ‘Abd All…h ibn Zayd al-Jarm†, (d. 104 [722/3]), a traditionist of Basra, who is said to have fled to Syria to escape being made a judge. He is said to have known the caliph ‘Umar II and ‘Anbasa ibn Sa‘†d. (øafad†, XVII. 185; Azami, 63; Mash…h†r, 89.)
AB• SA‘‡D AL-KHARRƒZ, A|mad ibn ‘‡s… (d. 277 [890/1])-90, 91, 143, 163. An important Sufi who, according to Hujw†r†, was 'the first to explain the doctrine of annihilation (fan…’) and subsistence (baq…’).' He was a close companion of Dhu’l-N™n, Bishr al-›…f†, and al-Sar† al-Saqa¥†, and was renowned for the emphasis he placed on ‘ishq, the passionate love of God, and upon the scrupulous observance of the Law. (Sulam†, 223-8; Hujw†r†, 143, Qushayr†, I. 140; GAS, I. 646.)
AB• SA‘‡D AL-KHUDR‡, Sa‘d ibn M…lik al-Khazraj† (d. c 64 [683/4] or 74 [693/4])-15, 48, 132, 207, 224, 237, 242, 244, 247, 257. A Companion who was considered too young to participate in the battle of U|ud, in which his father was killed. He related a large corpus of |ad†ths to Ibn ‘Abb…s and Sa‘†d ibn al-Musayyib, and was buried in Medina. (I¡…ba, II. 32-3; Nawaw†, Tahdh†b, 723-4.)
AB• SA‘‡D AL-ŸAFFƒR-166. Unidentified.
AB• SA‘‡D AL-SHAððƒM-166. A Sufi of the circle of al-Qushayr† (who died 465 [1072]). (Zab†d†, X. 438.)
AB• SINƒN, þir…r ibn Murra al-Shayb…n† (d. 132 [749-50])-110. One of the 'weepers' (bakk…’™n), who is recorded as having achieved sanctity through serving his family. A respected traditionist of K™fa. (Ab™ Nu‘aym, V. 91-4; Mash…h†r, 164; K…shif, II. 34.)
AB• SULAYMƒN AL-DƒRƒN‡, ‘Abd al-Ra|m…n (d. 205 [820/1] or 215 [830/1])-12, 92, 162. Well-known to the Sufis for his piety and renunciation, he was responsible for characteristic maxims such as 'The heart is ruined when fear departs from it even for one moment', and 'The sign of perdition is the drying-up of tears'. (Qushayr†, I. 96-8; Sulam†, 68-73; Hujw†r†, 112-3; Ab™ Nu‘aym, IX. 254-80.)
AB• ‘UBAYDA AL-NƒJ‡, Bakr ibn al-Aswad (d. c 170 [786/7])-35. An ascetic, and a traditionist usually considered to be unreliable. (Ÿafad†, X. 202; þu‘af…’, 261.)
AB• UMƒMA, As‘ad ibn Sahl ibn ›an†f al-Najj…r† (d. 100 [718/9])-114. An early Muslim who is sometimes held to have been a Companion of the Prophet. (I¡…ba, IV. 10; Mash…h†r, 28.)
AB• UMƒMA AL-BƒHIL‡, Ÿudayy ibn ‘Ajl…n (d. 81 [700/1] or 86 [705/6])-116, 226, 239, 246. A companion of the Prophet who related a large number of Traditions. He was sent to certain of the desert tribes, and won many converts with the aid of miracles. He later removed to ›im¡; according to Ibn ‘Uyayna he was the last Companion of the Prophet to die in Syria. (I¡…ba, II. 175-6; Ist†‘…b, IV. 4; Mash…h†r, 50.)
AB• ‘UMAR Ÿƒ›IB AL-SUQYƒ-130. Unidentified.
AB• YA›Yƒ AL-MAZAN‡-95. Unidentified.
AB• YA‘Q•B AL-QƒRI’ AL-DAQ‡Q‡-167. Unidentified.
AB• ZAKAR‡Yƒ AL-TAYM‡, Ya|y… (d. 200 [815/6])-21. Born in K™fa, this traditionist and Qur’…nic exegete travelled to Basra, Egypt and North Africa, dying in Mecca on pilgrimage. (GAS, I. 39.)
A›MAD IBN ABI’L-›AWƒR‡, Abu’l-›asan (d. c 230 [844/5])-162. An early Syrian exponent of Sufism, a disciple of al-D…r…n† and a companion of Ibn ‘Uyayna. He. is said to have thrown away his books and lived the life of a wandering ascetic. (Hujw†r†, 118-9; Qushayr†, I. 117; Sulam†, 88-92.)
A›MAD IBN ›ANBAL (d. 241 [855])-117. The great |…d†th scholar after whom the ›anbal† school of law is named. He travelled extensively in search of Traditions, of which he is said to have committed over three hundred thousand to memory. A companion of Bishr al-›…f† and Ma‘r™f al-Karkh†, he was held in high regard by the Sufis, who attribute a number of miracles to him. His tomb became one of the most frequented centres of pilgrimage in Baghdad. (EI2, I. 272-7 [H. Laoust]; Ab™ Nu‘aym, IX. 161-234; Hujw†r†, 117-8.)
A›MAD IBN ›ARB al-Marwaz† (d. 234 [848/9])-104, 230. A traditionist who studied under Ibn ‘Uyayna and Ab™ D…™d al-¦ay…lis†, and who was sometimes accused of sympathy with the Murji’ite heresy. (T…r†kh Baghd…d, IV. 118-9; ‘A¥¥…r, 146-9.)
A›MAD IBN KHIþRAWAYHI (d. 240 [854/5])-95. A prominent Khur…s…n† Sufi, born in Balkh, who lived and taught at Merv, where he died at the age of 95. He was a disciple of ›…tim al-A¡amm and a companion of Ab™ Tur…b al-Nakhshab†. (Sulam†, 93-7; Qushayr†, I. 115-6; Ÿafad†, VI. 373.)
‘ƒ’ISHA bint Ab† Bakr (d. 58 [678])-9, 11, 40, 59, 60, 61, 64, 65, 66, 67, 73, 74, 79, 112, 119, 129, 146, 196. The third and most beloved wife of the Prophet. During his final illness he asked his other wives for leave to stay in her house, where he died. After his death she was involved in the revolt of ¦al|a and al-Zubayr against the caliph ‘Al†, after which she lived quietly at Medina until she died. She was well-versed in Arab history and in poetry, and some of her verses have been preserved. (EI2, I. 307-8 [W. Montgomery Watt].)
AL-‘ALƒ’ IBN ZIYƒD ibn Ma¥ar al-‘Adaw† (d. 94 [712/3])-160. An early ascetic of Basra, who remained solitary all his life, only going out to the mosque, or to funerals or to visit the sick. He had a vision in which the world appeared to him in the shape of a misshapen hag wearing fine jewellery. (Mash…h†r, 90; Ab™ Nu‘aym, II. 242-9; K…shif, II. 309.)
‘AL‡ IBN AB‡ ¦ƒLIB (d. 40 [660])-15, 41, 61, 68, 73, 80, 81, 83-4, 101, 112, 127, 157, 158, 222. The cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet, having married his daughter F…¥ima. He was usually the Prophet’s standard-bearer on expeditions, and became the model of the Muslim knight for later generations. He lived a life of austerity and piety. Upon the death of ‘Uthm…n (35/656) he accepted, with some reluctance, the office of Caliph, which he held for five years disturbed by several rebellions, including that of Mu‘…wiya, the governor of Syria. He was assassinated at K™fa by a member of the extreme Kh…rijite sect, which repudiated him for having agreed to negotiate with Mu‘…wiya. (EI2, I. 381-6 [L. Veccia Vaglierij; Ist†‘…b, III. 26-67.)
‘AL‡ IBN ‘ƒŸIM ibn Ÿuhayb al-W…si¥† (d. 201 [816/7])-168. A traditionist who taught at Baghdad. Although considered unreliable by some authorities, a number of his |ad†ths are to be found in the Musnad of Ibn ›anbal. (Tar†kh Baghd…d, XI. 446-58; Azami, 119-20; Bid…ya, X. 248.)
‘AL‡ IBN M•Sƒ AL-›ADDƒD-117. Unidentified.
‘AL‡ AL-¦AL›‡-161. Unidentified.
‘ALQAMA ibn Qays al-Nakha‘† (d. c 62 [681/2])-127. A pupil of Ibn Mas‘™d, who called him the most erudite of his disciples. He also related traditions from ‘Al†, Sa‘d ibn Ab† Waqq…¡ and ‘Uthm…n. (Tar†kh Baghd…d), XII. 296; Ab™ Nu‘aym, II. 98-102; GAS, I. 398.)
AL-A‘MASH, Sulaym…n ibn Mihr…n al-Asad† (d. 147 [764/5])-55, 98, 226. A Qur’…n specialist of Persian origin who studied under Muj…hid at K™fa. One of the fourteen canonical readings of the Qur’…n bears his name. In addition, Sufy…n al-Thawr† and Ibn ‘Uyayna both studied |ad†th under him. (Azami, 101-2; Tar†kh Baghd…d, IX. 3-13; Mash…h†r, III. EI2, I. 431 [C. Brockelmann-[Ch. Pellat]].)
ƒMINA BINT WAHB al-Zuhr†ya (d. c 575 AD)-101, 157. The mother of the Prophet, she died when he was about six. She was probably buried at a place known as al-Abw…’ between Mecca and Medina. The historians record a number of miracles surrounding her pregnancy and the Prophet’s birth. (EI2, I. 438 [W. Montgomery Watt].)
‘ƒMIR IBN ‘ABD ALLƒH ibn al-Zubayr ibn al-‘Aww…m (d. 121 [738/9])-33. An ascetic of Medina, who is recorded as having kept his hands raised in supplication between the night and morning prayers. He is said to have died in prayer. He also transmitted a number of Traditions which are recorded by both al-Bukh…r† and Muslim. (Ÿafad†, XVI. 589; K…shif, II. 51; Ab™ Nu‘aym, III. 166-8.)
‘ƒMIR IBN ‘ABD AL-QAYS (d. c 41-60 [661-80])-89. A t…bi‘† of Basra who died at Damascus, where he had become famous for his austere and eloquent sermons. A number of miracles are recorded of him-he is said to have lived in the desert where wild beasts came tamely to him. He was also known for his charity towards orphans. These and other aspects of his life are often cited by the Sufis. (Ab™ Nu‘aym, II. 87-95; Ÿafad†, XVI. 585-6; Ibn Marthad, 37-8.)
‘AMR IBN AL-‘ƒŸ al-Sahm† (d. 42 [663/4])-88, 102, 211. A Companion of the Prophet and a politician and general of great skill. To him goes the credit for the conquest of Palestine (12 [633]) and Egypt (19-21 [640-2]), where he founded the city of Fus¥…¥, which was to grow into Cairo. He sided with Mu‘…wiya at the battle of Ÿiff†n, and represented him at the arbitration which followed. (EI2, I. 451 [A. J. Wensinck].)
‘AMR IBN D‡NƒR al-Juma|† (d. 126 [743/4])-130. A scholar of the Law in Mecca, where he learnt the recitation of the Qur’…n and a number of Traditions from Ibn ‘Abb…s. (Mash…h†r, 84; Ab™ Nu‘aym, III. 347-54; Gh…ya, I. 600-1.)
‘AMR IBN ðAZM AL-ANŸƒR‡ al-Khazraj† (d. 51 [671/2])-259. A Companion who distinguished himself in the 'Battle of the Trench', and who became the Prophet’s governor of Najr…n. A number of |ad†ths are related on his authority by al-Nas…’†. (I¡…ba, II. 525; K…shif, II. 282.)
‘AMR IBN MAYM•N al-Awd† (d. c 74 [693/4])-77. A 'Follower' who was present at the murder of ‘Umar, and who later moved to K™fa. He transmitted a number of |ad†ths which have been recorded by al-Bukh…r†, and was much given to devotional practices. (Mash…h†r, 99; Ab™ Nu‘aym, IV. 148-54; K…shif, II. 296.)
ANAS ibn M…lik ibn al-Naÿr (d. 91-3 [709/10-711/2])-10, 17, 114, 119, 127, 146, 192, 196, 202, 209, 215, 224, 228, 244, 246. A celebrated Companion of the Prophet, he had been presented to the Prophet by his mother at an early age in fulfilment of a vow. After the Prophet’s death he participated in the wars of conquest. One hundred and twenty eight Traditions on his authority are to be found in the collections of al- Bukh…r† and Muslim. (I¡…ba, I. 84-5; EI2, I. 482 [A. J. Wensinck- J. Robson].)
‘ANBASA ibn Sa‘†d (d. 100 [718/9])-12. A respected traditionist, originally of K™fa, who taught Ibn al-Mub…rak and was a judge at Rayy. (K…shif, II. 304; Zab†d†, X. 232.)
AL-AŸBAGH AL-ðAN®AL‡, ibn Nub…ta-83. An unreliable traditionist of K™fa accused of Sh†‘ite tendancies. (Zab†d†, X. 318; ‘Uqayl†, I. 129-30; Tahdh†b al-Tahdh†b, I. 362-3.)
ASH‘ATH IBN ASLAM-50-I. Unidentified.
‘ƒŸIM IBN þAMRA (d. 174 [790/1])-235. A traditionist of K™fa, generally regarded as reliable. (K…shif, II. 45; Gh…ya, I. 349.)
‘ƒŸIM AL-AðWAL, ibn Sulaym…n (d. c 141 [758/9] A traditionist from Basra who became chief judge of al-Mad…’in. (Mash…h†r, 98; Bid…ya, X. 78; Ÿafad†, XVI. 568.)
‘ƒŸIM AL-JAðDAR‡, ibn al-‘Ajj…j (d. 129 [746/7])-114. An ascetic of Basra and an authority on the reading of the Qur’…